稳定、多元、繁荣的中国新疆
Xinjiang: Land of Stability, Diversity and Prosperity
驻特立尼达和多巴哥大使宋昱旻就涉疆问题在特多主流媒体发表署名文章
Ambassador Song Yumin’s Op-ed About Xinjiang on Guardian
2019年8月9日
9 August 2019
新疆维吾尔自治区位于中国西北边陲。在这166万平方公里的土地上，生活着维吾尔、汉、哈萨克、回、蒙古、塔吉克、满等47个民族。新疆自古以来就是多民族聚居、多文化交汇、多宗教并存的地区。著名的“丝绸之路”在此将古代中国与世界联系起来。
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) is situated in the border areas of northwest China. Forty-seven ethnic groups including Uyghur, Han, Kazak, Hui, Mongol, Tajik and Manchu are flourishing across this vast land of 1.66 million sq km. For thousands of years, Xinjiang has been home to various ethnic groups, where diverse cultures converge and different religions coexist. It was also the heartland of the famed “Silk Road” connecting ancient China with the rest of the world.
中国政府一贯高度重视新疆各民族优秀传统文化的挖掘、传承与保护。鼓励各民族相互学习语言文字，促进各民族交往交流交融。推进各民族文化现代化，增强文化自信。在依法推广国家通用语言文字的同时科学保护各民族语言文字。在司法、行政、教育、新闻出版、广播电视、互联网、社会公共事务等领域，少数民族语言文字均得到广泛使用。以少数民族学生为主的各类学校，在课程设置和各类考试中重视民族语言的学习和使用。广播、电视节目、报纸、刊物均以多种语言文字播出、出版。
The Chinese government has always endeavored to discover, conserve and promote valuable traditional ethnic cultures in Xinjiang. Ethnicities influence, assimilate and integrate with each other in spoken and written languages, customs, arts and other aspects of social and cultural life. Each becomes more confident of its own cultural strength as it adapts to the ever-changing modern world.
中国政府依法保障公民宗教信仰自由的权利。在新疆，伊斯兰教、佛教、道教、基督教、天主教等多种宗教并存。中国法律保护正常的宗教活动，政府提供有效服务满足信教公民正常宗教需求。仅在新疆就有2.44万座清真寺，平均每530位穆斯林拥有一座清真寺，比例甚至高于部分伊斯兰国家。
The Chinese government protects citizens’ right to freedom of religious beliefs in accordance with the law. Various religions like Protestantism, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Catholicism coexist in Xinjiang. The government supports lawful religious activities and fulfills reasonable religious needs of believers. There are 24,400 mosques in Xinjiang alone. To put it in another way, every 530 Muslims in Xinjiang share a mosque, an even higher proportion than that of some Islamic countries.
新疆也深受恐怖主义之害。上世纪90年代以来，特别是美国“9·11”事件以后，受国际局势变化和恐怖主义、极端主义全球蔓延的影响，中国境内外“三股势力”（民族分裂势力、宗教极端势力、暴力恐怖势力）逐渐形成并制造事端。他们在新疆策划实施了数千起暴力恐怖事件，疯狂残害大量无辜的各族群众，肆意践踏基本人权，严重危害公共安全。罪魁祸首“东突厥斯坦伊斯兰运动”早已被联合国和众多国家认定为国际恐怖组织。
Xinjiang was once a terror-stricken place. Since the 1990s, especially after the “September 11 attacks” in the US, with rapidly shifting international landscape, terrorism and extremism have started to spread globally. The “three evil forces” of terrorism, extremism and separatism inside and outside China gradually emerged and ran rampant. Adversaries plotted and launched thousands of terrorist attacks in Xinjiang, killing large numbers of innocent civilians, trampling on human rights and endangering public security. The major actors “East Turkestan Islamic Movement” have long been recognized as an international terrorist organization by the United Nations and many countries.
暴恐活动与宗教极端思想密切相关。近年来，新疆自治区政府在依法打击暴恐犯罪的同时，积极探索预防性反恐和去极端化，设立职业技能教育培训中心就是有效措施之一，旨在通过帮扶工作，最大限度地团结教育挽救绝大多数有轻微违法犯罪行为人员，使其重新融入社会，避免其成为恐怖主义和极端主义的受害者和牺牲品。
Religious extremism is an important ideological foundation for violent and terrorist activities. In recent years, the local government in Xinjiang has been taking a strong stance on violence and terrorism, meanwhile exploring preventive counter-terrorism and de-radicalization approaches. One of the effective measures is educating and rehabilitating people guilty of minor crimes or law-breaking through vocational education and training centers, to help them reintegrate into local communities and prevent them from falling victims to terrorism and extremism.
职业技能教育培训机构与学员签订《培养协议》，以学习国家通用语言文字、学习法律知识、学习职业技能和开展去极端化工作为主要内容，以实现就业为导向，通过“集中培训、寄宿学习、实践培养”等多种方式开展免费职业技能教育培训。学习期间，学员各项基本权利依法得到保障，不同民族语言、宗教信仰、生活习惯得到尊重。近90%的已结业学员在社会上找到了称心的工作，有了可观的收入，成为社会的积极因素。
As stated in the Agreements between education and training centers and trainees, the centers adopt a boarding school management system and the curricula comprise free and career-oriented courses on standard Chinese language, law, vocational skills, and eradicating extremism. Basic rights of the trainees are guaranteed and their languages, beliefs and customs are fully respected. Ninety percent of the trainees who complete all programmes have found desirable jobs with adequate incomes. They are now a positive force for local communities.
教育培训中心是开放的。到目前为止，已有来自全球各地几十批上千人次新闻媒体记者、各国驻华使节、专家学者、宗教人士到新疆教培中心参访。看过之后，都理解支持新疆的成功经验和做法。那些个别国家和媒体所谓“教培中心收押、虐待许多维吾尔族人”等污蔑抹黑言论不攻自破。
The centers are open to visitors and so far have hosted thousands of journalists, members of foreign missions, scholars and religious leaders from all over the world. Seeing is believing. They all understand and support what the local government has been successfully doing. Unfounded claims like “the centers detain and abuse Uyghurs” made up by some few countries and media serve hidden agendas and do not hold any ground.
值得一提的是，这些努力取得了显著成效，新疆的安全形势得到极大改观，已近三年未发生过暴力恐怖事件。2018年，到访新疆的国内外游客数量突破1.5亿，同比增长40%。今年7月12日，包括许多伊斯兰国家在内的37国共同致函联合国人权理事会，积极评价中国新疆人权事业发展成就和反恐去极端化成果，支持中国在涉疆问题上的立场。
It is notable that, Xinjiang has not witnessed any violent terrorist incidents in the past three years or so. The security situation there has been greatly improved. Domestic and foreign tourists made more than 150 million trips to Xinjiang in 2018, up more than 40 percent year-on-year. Recently, fifty Ambassadors to the United Nations Office in Geneva sent a joint letter to the President of the UN Human Rights Council and the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights to voice their support for China’s position on issues related to Xinjiang.
恐怖主义是人类社会的公敌。中国政府反对一切形式的恐怖主义、极端主义，将继续同国际社会一道，共同打击暴恐犯罪，保障各族人民的生存权、健康权、发展权等基本人权。
Terrorism is the common enemy of humanity. The Chinese government firmly opposes any forms of terrorism and extremism. China will continue to work with the international community to crack down on violence and terrorism and ensure the rights to life, health and development of people of all ethnic groups.