2019年5月21日外交部发言人陆慷主持例行记者会
Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Lu Kang’s Regular Press Conference on May 21, 2019
问：据报道，美国总统特朗普近日接受媒体采访时称，最近几轮美中磋商之前他曾告诉中方，美中之间的协议不可能是对等的（50-50），由于中国过去的贸易做法，协议必须更有利于美国。中方对此有何回应？
Q: US President Donald Trump recently said in an interview that considering China’s previous trade practices, any agreement with China cannot be a “50-50” deal and had to be more in favor of the US side. What’s your comment?
答：我不是贸易专家，但我觉得有必要厘清“是否对等”和“对谁更有利”这两个概念。两者在贸易关系中不是一回事。
A: I’m no expert in trade, but I think it’s necessary to make a distinction between “reciprocity” and “equal benefits”. These are two different things in trade relations.
要求两个经济体在贸易实践中绝对的对等开放是不现实的，更何况经济全球化本身就是各国优势互补、互通有无的过程。我可以举一个例子：2017年，中国对带壳花生征收的关税税率是15%，而美国是163.8%。你能简单说美国占了便宜吗？
It is only unrealistic to pursue strictly reciprocal openness in trade practices. The fact is, economic globalization by nature is a process where countries leverage their respective strengths and each supplies what the others need. Here is a case in point: China’s tariff rate on unshelled peanuts stood at 15 percent while that of the US was 163.8 percent in 2017. Could we simply say the US gained extra advantage?
所谓贸易互惠互利，应该是指所有产业开放市场实现总体互惠和利益平衡。简单认为美国在中美贸易关系中“吃亏”的看法是不科学、不专业的。所以，谈判贸易协议本身不可能在所有领域都要求绝对平等，但必须是双向平衡、平等互利的。
Reciprocity and mutual benefit in trade refer to the overall reciprocity and balance of interests in the open markets of all industries. The simplistic view that the US is “ripped off” in its trade with China is unscientific and unprofessional. Therefore, when negotiating a trade agreement, one cannot ask for equal benefits in every field. Rather, the agreement must be two-way, balanced and based on equality and mutual benefits.
问：昨天意大利副总理萨尔维尼表示，意方一定要将涉及个人财务及健康状况等敏感数据掌控在自己手中，防止这些数据落入中国等非民主国家之手。中方是否对意方的言论感到不安？
Q: Yesterday Italian Deputy Prime Minister Salvini said that Italians must retain control of sensitive data such as personal finances or health conditions, and prevent what he said “an undemocratic country like China” from gaining access. Is the Chinese government upset with his comments?
答：首先，我必须指出的是，在国际关系中，仅仅根据自己的标准去界定什么是民主、什么是非民主，这本身就不是民主的方式。
A: First of all, I have to point out that it is in itself not democratic at all to define which country is democratic and which is not simply by one’s own standards.
近年来，中国和意大利在相互尊重、平等互利的基础上开展了很多友好合作。大家也都看到，双方合作在不断深化，给两国人民都带来了实实在在的好处。
China and Italy have carried out a lot of friendly cooperation on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit in recent years. You may also have seen that in fact the cooperation between the two sides has been deepening and brought tangible benefits to the two peoples.
至于意方一些人士或许对中方产品的安全有疑虑，对所有和中国企业开展合作的国家，我们都多次表明过态度：中国政府一向要求中国企业在外国投资和运营应当遵守当地法律法规，同时也希望所有其他国家为中国企业提供一个公平、公正、非歧视性的营商环境。
As to the doubts certain individual in Italy may have over the security of Chinese products, we stated our position on many occasions. The Chinese government asks Chinese businesses to abide by local laws and regulations when investing and operating overseas. In the meantime, we hope all other countries will provide a fair, just and non-discriminatory environment for Chinese businesses.
问：第72届世界卫生大会已作出决定，不将涉台提案列入大会补充议程。请问你对此有何评论？
Q: The 72nd World Health Assembly (WHA) has decided not to include a Taiwan-related proposal into its provisional agenda. Would you like to comment on that?
答：今年世界卫生大会再次拒绝将所谓“邀请台湾以观察员身份参加世卫大会”的提案列入大会补充议程。这一决定符合联合国大会及世界卫生大会相关决议的要求，充分体现了一个中国原则是国际社会人心所向、大势所趋，不容任何挑战。我愿再次重申，中国台湾地区参与国际组织活动问题，必须也只能按照一个中国原则处理。
A: This year the WHA has again refused to include the so-called proposal of “inviting Taiwan to attend the WHA as an observer” in the conference’s provisional agenda. This decision, consistent with provisions of relevant resolutions of the UNGA and the WHA, is a further testament that the one-China principle is an overriding trend with wide support that cannot be challenged. I would like to reiterate that the participation of China’s Taiwan region in the activities of international organizations must and can only be handled in accordance with the one-China principle.
问：据报道，中国驻欧盟使团张明团长表示，中方将采取措施来应对美方对中国华为公司采取的限制措施。你是否可以提供这方面的更多细节？
Q: China’s Envoy to the European Union Zhang Ming said that there will be a necessary response to the US actions against Huawei. I was wondering if you could share more details on the kind of responses China is considering?
答：昨天，我已经回答了其他记者同样的问题，当时你也在场。你知道，我们不会预断政府或企业行为。但我们的立场是非常坚定的：国家之间的贸易投资关系必须是平等互利的。中方有信心、也有能力维护自身的正当合法权益。
A: You were here yesterday when I answered this question raised by another journalist. As you know, we won’t make predictions on what the government and companies will do. But I will state that China’s position is firm. Trade and investment between countries must be equal-footed and mutually beneficial. We have the resolve and capability to defend our legitimate and lawful rights and interests.
问：请问中方有无计划和所罗门群岛建交？
Q: Does China have a plan to establish diplomatic relations with the Solomon Islands?
答：不仅是所罗门，我们愿意同世界上所有其他国家在一个中国原则和符合国际关系基本准则的基础上发展友好关系。
A: Not just the Solomon Islands. We are ready to develop friendly relations with all countries in the world on the basis of the one-China principle and the basic norms governing international relations.
问：据报道，美国总统特朗普近日称，美国对华加征的关税使企业将生产从中国转至越南及其他亚洲国家。情况是这样吗？
Q: According to some media, US President Trump said recently that additional tariffs on Chinese goods will make companies move their production lines from China to Vietnam and other countries in Asia. I’m wondering if that’s the case?
答：大家都看到，中美贸易摩擦发生一年多来，美方经常出于政治需要，要对美国国内释放一些信息，有时候都顾不上释放的信息是否符合实际情况。
A: A year or so into the trade friction, as you have seen, the US releases information out of political needs at home from time to time. Sometimes it’s just too busy to care if the information matches the real situation.
一段时间以来，美国破坏贸易规则的行为给包括中国、也包括美国自身在内的国际市场带来一些干扰。但说到底，任何企业最终一定会根据对经济前景的战略判断，对自己的投资方向作出政策选择。
US behaviors to break trading rules have for some time caused disturbances to the global market, which includes China and the US itself. However, at the end of the day, businesses will decide on investment destinations based on strategic judgment of economic prospects.
事实上，即使美方一年多来不断威胁对中国产品加征关税，大家都看到了，外商来华投资的热情依然高涨，依然看好中国市场。我和我的同事曾经在这里介绍了近期埃克森美孚、特斯拉、巴斯夫、宝马等世界知名企业加大来华投资的情况。今天，我再做个补充。日本贸易振兴机构（JETRO）刚刚发布的《2018年日本企业海外业务调整报告》显示，日本企业继续看好中国市场，在日企对外出口、投资、跨境电商战略中，中国市场均排名第一。大家也许还记得，就在不久前，第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛期间，与会的各国工商界人士签署了总额640多亿美元的项目合作协议。这些都说明，在世界经济充满不确定性和不稳定性的背景下，外国企业用实际行动表明了他们的态度，表达了对中国经济的坚定信心。
As a matter of fact, despite the constant US threats to impose additional tariffs on Chinese products in the past year or so, China remains a popular destination for foreign investors. My colleagues and I have talked about the recently expanding investment in China by famous multinationals such as ExxonMobil, Tesla, BASF and BMW. Let me give you some other examples. As is shown by the Survey on the International Operations of Japanese Firms released recently by JETRO, the Chinese market remains a favored choice for Japanese firms and it ranks the first place in the categories of export, investment and cross-border e-commerce. You may still recall that during the second “Belt and Road” Forum for International Cooperation held not long ago, delegates from the business community of various countries signed cooperation agreements worth more than $64 billion. We can see clearly that against the background of a world economy fraught with uncertainties and instability, foreign enterprises have made clear their attitude and expressed their firm confidence in China’s economy through concrete actions.
我想再次强调，中国一如既往欢迎外国企业来华投资开展互利合作，我们也将继续为外国投资者提供更加稳定、公平、透明、可预期的投资营商环境。
I would like to reiterate here that China welcomes as always more investment from foreign businesses and will continue to foster a more stable, fair, transparent and predictable market environment for them.
问：据了解，第五届中美省州长论坛即将举行。你能否证实并介绍有关情况？
Q: The fifth China-US Governors’ Forum will be held soon. Can you confirm that and give us more details?
答：是的，全国对外友协同美国全国州长协会将于5月22日至24日在美国肯塔基州列克星敦市共同举行第五届中美省州长论坛。
A: Yes, the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC) and the US National Governors Association will jointly hold the fifth China-US Governors’ Forum in Lexington, Kentucky from May 22 to 24.
根据目前我掌握的情况，本届论坛将聚焦推动两国地方在经贸、人文等领域交流合作等方面。全国对外友协以及重庆、陕西、江西、甘肃四省市负责人将率团与会。美国方面，肯塔基、田纳西，科罗拉多、密歇根、华盛顿等州负责人将出席论坛。
According to what I have at hand, this forum will focus on promoting sub-national cooperation and exchange in the fields of economy, trade, culture and people-to-people interaction. Leaders from the CPAFFC, Chongqing Municipality, Shaanxi Province, Jiangxi Province and Gansu province will head delegations to the forum. Their counterparts from the States of Kentucky, Tennessee, Colorado, Michigan and Washington will also attend the event.
中美省州长论坛是中美两国地方重要的机制性交流平台。自2011年启动以来已连续成功举办四届。中美两国地方政府积极参加本届论坛，展现出两国地方加强交流合作的诚挚愿望。我们相信，此次论坛的举行将为深化中美友好、加强两国合作注入新动力。
The fifth China-US Governors’ Forum is an important sub-national platform for exchange between China and the US. It has been successfully held for four times since its kick-off in 2011. The active participation of local governments of both countries has demonstrated sincere will for strengthening sub-national exchange and cooperation. I believe this forum will inject new impetus into the efforts to deepen friendship and cooperation between the two countries.
问：本周一，美国商务部颁发了临时许可证，允许美国企业在未来90天内与受到美方限制措施影响的中国企业交易。中方对此有何评论？
Q: On Monday, the US Commerce Department temporarily eased restrictions against Huawei, saying it would let American firms continue transactions with the Chinese company for 90 days. I wonder if the Chinese foreign ministry has any comment on this?
答：近期我们已一再表明立场，美方有关行为是动用国家手段打压外国企业、干扰市场的行为。坦率地讲，美方的所作所为最终也不符合美方自身的利益。我刚才在回答记者提问时已经讲过，国家之间的贸易投资关系必须是平等互利的。中国政府有决心、也有能力维护自身的正当合法权益。
A: We have been stating our position these past few days. The US is using state power to crack down on foreign enterprises and disrupt market activities. To be frank, it won’t serve US interests in the end. As I said while answering an earlier question, trade and investment relations between countries must be equal-footed and mutually beneficial. The Chinese government has the resolve and the capability to defend our legitimate and lawful rights and interests.
问：我们刚刚看到报道，中国东方航空公司就波音公司737MAX飞机停飞事件向波音提出了索赔，成为国内首家提出索赔的航空公司。东航相关负责人表示，3月11日以来737MAX机型停飞，已给公司造成较大损失，考虑到是否可以复飞仍遥遥无期，所以向波音公司提出索赔。东航将密切关注中国民航主管部门以及波音公司的相关工作进度，但当务之急是确保该机型的安全性。请问你是否了解相关情况？对此有何评论？
Q: We just saw the report that China Eastern Airlines has claimed losses from Boeing over the grounded 737 MAX fleet, becoming the first Chinese airline to request compensation. According to China Eastern Airlines, the grounding of 737 MAX aircraft since March 11 has caused rather significant losses to the company. Considering it is still unknown whether the aircraft can be put into operation in the near future, it has decided to claim losses from Boeing. The company will closely follow progress of relevant work by China’s civil aviation authority and Boeing. That said the most pressing task at the moment is to make sure the aircraft are safe. Are you aware of the developments and do you have any comment?
答：我们注意到有关报道。大家都知道，波音公司737MAX飞机在全球范围被停飞的原因是出现了安全隐患，有关技术问题至今都没有得到解决。关于你提到的企业之间的商业行为，我们不便作评论。但我相信所有人都会同意，任何企业依法申索自己的合法合理利益是无可非议的。
A: We have noted relevant reports. As we all know, the 737 MAX aircraft have been grounded globally for security concerns and the technical problems are yet to be solved. I am not in a position to comment on commercial transactions between companies. But I believe you agree with me that a company can lawfully claim its lawful and legitimate rights.
问：本周一，美国总统特朗普就发生在巴格达“绿区”（Green Zone）的火箭弹袭击警告称，如果伊朗破坏美国在中东地区的利益，美方一定会强力反击。请问中方对海湾地区的最新形势有何评价？
Q: US President Donald Trump warned on Monday that Iran would be met with great force if it attacked US interests in the Middle East. He was commenting on the rocket attack on the “Green Zone” in Baghdad. I wonder if China has any comment on this situation in the Persian Gulf?
答：我们注意到了最近海湾地区出现的紧张形势。可能你也注意到了，最近这些天，中方同包括伊朗、美国等国在内的各方交换过意见，也表明了中方的立场。我们的立场非常清楚，冲突对抗不是解决问题的出路，只能通过对话协商来解决。我们希望所有有关各方都能保持克制，加强对话，通过妥善的方式来解决彼此的关切。
A: We have noted the latest tensions in the Gulf region. You may have noticed that recently China exchanged ideas with Iran, the US and other sides. We have made clear our position that conflict and confrontation will lead us nowhere and that dialogue and consultation is the only way out. We hope relevant parties can exercise restraint and step up dialogue to properly address each other’s concerns.
追问：中方是否对海湾地区现在的形势感到关切？
Follow-up: Can we say that China is somehow concerned on the situation in the Gulf region?
答：当前海湾地区的紧张局势，不论是对全球政治安全、还是对世界经济形势都可能产生不利的影响，中方对此当然表示关切。这也是为什么我们在同有关各方接触的过程中，一直在努力做各方工作，希望各方保持克制，通过对话寻求妥善解决的办法。
A: Tensions in the Gulf region at the moment will serve no country’s interests and will have a negative impact on global political security and world economy. Of course China is concerned. That’s why we have been trying to persuade relevant parties to exercise restraint and seek a proper solution through dialogue.