八、经济和发展问题
VIII. Economic and Development Issues
（一）构建开放型世界经济
1. Building an Open World Economy
经济全球化为世界经济增长提供了强劲动力，是不可逆转的时代潮流。当前，“反全球化”、保护主义、单边主义势头上升，成为影响世界经济稳定的最突出风险。构建开放型世界经济，关乎世界经济发展前景，关乎各国实现共同发展与繁荣的外部环境。国际社会应秉持共商共建共享理念，共同建设开放性世界经济，反对保护主义，推动全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、共赢方向发展。
Economic globalization, a strong driving force for world economic growth, is an irreversible trend of the times. The rise of anti-globalization, protectionism and unilateralism presents the most pressing challenge to the stability of the global economy. Building an open world economy bears on the future of global growth and the external environment for the common development and prosperity of all countries. The international community should follow the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, make concerted efforts to build an open world economy, oppose protectionism and make economic globalization more open, inclusive and beneficial to all.
中国是开放型世界经济的积极参与者、支持者、贡献者。过去40年，中国的发展是在开放条件下取得的，未来发展也离不开改革开放。今年4月，习近平主席在博鳌亚洲论坛年会开幕式上宣布大幅度放宽市场准入、主动扩大进口等对外开放举措。今年11月，中国将召开首届中国国际进口博览会。这一系列重大举措既有利于推动中国形成全面开放新格局，也将为各国发展和世界经济增长注入新动力。面向未来，中国愿与各国共同推动建设开放型世界经济，共同走出一条开放融通、互利共赢的康庄大道。
China has actively participated in, supported and contributed to an open world economy. China’s development over the past four decades is attributable to opening-up. In the future, China will continue to rely on reform and opening-up for its development. In April this year, at the opening of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference, President Xi Jinping announced measures for opening-up, including significantly broadening market access and taking the initiative to expand imports. In November this year, China will hold the first China International Import Expo. These major measures will help break new ground in China’s opening-up and inject new impetus into the development of all countries and the global economy. Going forward, China will work with all countries to build an open world economy and embark on a broad path of openness, connectivity and mutual benefits.
（二）维护多边贸易体制
2. Upholding the Multilateral Trading Regime
世界贸易组织是多边贸易体制的核心，是推动贸易和投资自由化、便利化的主渠道。国际社会应坚定支持多边主义，维护以世贸组织为核心、以规则为基础的多边贸易体制及其核心价值和基本原则，继续推动多边贸易谈判取得进展，支持世贸组织更好发挥作用，提升贸易投资自由化、便利化水平，为世界经济增长注入更强动力。
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is at the center of the multilateral trading regime, and the main channel for promoting trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. The international community should firmly support multilateralism, uphold the rules-based multilateral trading regime with the WTO at its center, and the core values and basic principles of the regime, continue to work for progress in the multilateral trade negotiations, support the WTO in playing a better role, upgrade trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and inject greater momentum into world economic growth.
中方始终坚定支持多边主义，维护多边贸易体制，反对单边主义和保护主义。加入世贸组织以来，中方全面参与各项工作和多哈回合各项议题谈判，切实履行入世承诺，积极推动世贸组织更加重视发展中成员的关切，全力支持发展中国家融入多边贸易体制。中方愿与各方共同维护多边贸易体制的权威性和有效性，共同推动世贸组织在全球化进程中发挥更大作用。
China always firmly supports multilateralism, upholds the multilateral trading regime and opposes unilateralism and protectionism. Since its accession to the WTO, China has fully engaged in the work of the organization and the Doha Round negotiations on all items. China has fulfilled in good faith commitments it made upon the WTO accession, actively urged the WTO to attach more importance to the concerns of developing countries, and fully supported developing countries in integrating into the multilateral trading regime. China stands ready to work with all parties to uphold the authority and efficacy of the multilateral trading regime, and work toward a bigger role of the WTO in the globalization process.
（三）2030年可持续发展议程
3. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
2030年可持续发展议程为全球发展绘制了宏伟蓝图。做好2030年议程落实工作，不仅能帮助广大发展中国家消除贫困，提高人民生活水平，也有利于缩小南北发展差距，释放世界经济增长潜力。各国应将2030年议程纳入国家发展战略，全面平衡推进经济、社会、环境发展。国际社会要强化发展伙伴关系，构建以南北合作为主渠道、南南合作为补充的合作格局。发达国家应切实履行官方发展援助承诺，帮助广大发展中国家增强发展能力。
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a grand blueprint for global development. A good job in implementing the 2030 Agenda will not only help developing countries eradicate poverty and improve people’s living standards, but also narrow the North-South gap, and unleash the potential of world economic growth. All countries need to integrate the 2030 Agenda into their national development strategies and make parallel and balanced development in the areas of economy, society and environment. The international community should strengthen development partnerships, and forge a cooperation framework with North-South cooperation as the main channel and South-South cooperation as a supplement. Developed countries should earnestly deliver on their ODA commitments, and help developing countries enhance development capacities.
中国高度重视落实2030年议程，率先发布《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》和进展报告，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局，在许多领域取得“早期收获”，预计2020年将实现农村贫困人口全部脱贫的目标。同时，中方利用举办二十国集团领导人杭州峰会、“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛、金砖国家领导人厦门会晤等主场外交契机，推动各方把发展问题置于全球宏观政策框架的重要位置。中方还通过南南合作、共建“一带一路”等方式，为其他发展中国家落实2030年议程提供了有力支持。
China places great emphasis on implementing the 2030 Agenda. China took the lead in releasing its national plan on the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and progress reports. It is promoting overall progress in the political, economic, cultural, social and ecological fields, with “early harvests” reaped in many areas. People in rural China living under the current poverty line are all expected to be lifted out of poverty by 2020. China used the opportunity of hosting the G20 Hangzhou Summit, the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation and the BRICS Xiamen Summit to encourage all parties to put the issue of development front and center of the global macro-policy framework. China has provided strong support to other developing countries in their implementation of the 2030 Agenda through South-South cooperation and the Belt and Road Initiative.
（四）“一带一路”倡议对2030可持续发展议程的贡献
4. Contributions of the Belt and Road Initiative to Implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
“一带一路”倡议坚持共商共建共享理念，弘扬“和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢”的丝路精神，以基础设施互联互通为主线，坚持高质量高标准，促进区域互联互通和国际合作，各国平等参与、共同受益，是新时代多边主义的重要实践，得到国际社会广泛支持。
The Belt and Road Initiative follows the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, and advocates the Silk Road spirit of peace, cooperation, openness, inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit. The Initiative focuses on infrastructure connectivity, upholds high quality and high standards, and promotes regional connectivity and international cooperation. As an important multilateral practice in the new era with all countries participating on an equal footing and sharing the benefits, it has attracted extensive support from the international community.
“一带一路”倡议与2030年可持续发展议程在目标、理念、实施路径等方面高度契合。2017年5月，中国成功主办“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，与会各国领导人共同发布联合公报，“一带一路”倡议成为国际共识。面向未来，中方将继续推进“一带一路”倡议与2030年议程对接，建设和平、繁荣、开放、创新、文明之路，为世界经济发展和各国共同繁荣贡献力量。
The Belt and Road Initiative is highly compatible with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in terms of goals, concepts and implementation paths. In May 2017, China held a successful Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, where leaders from participating countries issued a joint communiqué, making the Initiative an international consensus. Going forward, China will continue to seek synergy between the Initiative and the 2030 Agenda, build the Belt and Road into a road of peace, prosperity, opening up and innovation and a road connecting different civilizations, and make contributions to economic development of the world and common prosperity of all countries.
（五）气候变化
5. Climate Change
气候变化是全人类面临的共同挑战，需要各国合作应对。中国政府把应对气候变化视作自身可持续发展的内在要求和构建人类命运共同体的责任担当，积极参与应对气候变化国际合作，为全球生态文明建设贡献力量。中国将继续贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，采取积极措施应对气候变化，继续建设性参与全球气候多边进程，推动《巴黎协定》实施细则谈判于今年底如期完成，推动《巴黎协定》有效实施，推动全球绿色、低碳、可持续发展。
Climate change, a challenge to all humanity, calls for international cooperation. The Chinese government sees addressing climate change as integral to pursuing its own sustainable development, and a responsibility in building a community with a shared future for mankind. China has actively engaged in international cooperation against climate change and contributed to the development of global ecological civilization. China will continue to pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, take vigorous measures to address climate change, and continue to play a constructive role in the multilateral process on climate change. China will work for the negotiation on the conclusion of the Paris Agreement Work Programme before the year end as scheduled, advance the effective implementation of the Paris Agreement and promote green, low-carbon and sustainable global development.
（六）南南合作
6. South-South Cooperation
南南合作是发展中国家间联合自强的有效途径，已成为推动全球发展的重要力量。国际社会在落实2030年可持续发展议程进程中，应支持发展中国家深化南南合作，实现共同发展。
South-South cooperation is an effective channel for developing countries to enhance strength through unity and has become an important force for global development. In implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the international community should support developing countries in deepening South-South cooperation and achieving common development.
中国秉持正确义利观和真实亲诚理念，大力开展南南合作，向其他发展中国家提供了大量力所能及的援助，有力促进了这些国家的经济社会发展和民生改善。当前，中国特色社会主义进入新时代，同时中国作为全球最大发展中国家的地位没有变。中国始终是发展中国家的一员，将继续本着平等互信、互利共赢、团结互助的原则同广大发展中国家深化合作，为发展中国家实现共同发展做出积极贡献。
In keeping with the principle of upholding justice while pursuing shared interests and the principle of sincerity, real results, affinity and good faith, China has vigorously promoted South-South cooperation and provided substantial assistance to other developing countries to the best of its ability, significantly contributing to the economic and social development and people’s livelihood of these countries. Now, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, but China’s status as the largest developing country remains unchanged. China has always been a developing country and will continue to deepen cooperation with other developing countries under the principles of equality, mutual trust, mutual benefit, unity and mutual assistance, and make contributions to the common development of developing countries.
（七）维护发展中国家发展空间
7. Ensuring Development Space for Developing Countries
当今世界正处于大发展大变革大调整时期，发展中国家面临的机遇和挑战并存。一段时间以来，地缘政治冲突、经济利益博弈激化，保护主义、单边主义愈演愈烈，对广大发展中国家外部环境和全球发展事业造成负面影响。
The world today is undergoing major development, transformation and adjustment, which presents both opportunities and challenges for developing countries. For some time, geopolitical conflicts and economic jostling have intensified, and protectionism and unilateralism are on the rise, exerting negative impact on the external environment of developing countries and on global development.
国际社会应坚定支持多边主义和多边贸易体制，继续推进全球经济治理改革，提高新兴市场国家和发展中国家代表性和发言权。不管是创新、贸易投资、知识产权保护等问题，还是网络、外空、极地等新疆域，在制定新规则时都要充分听取新兴市场国家和发展中国家意见，反映他们的利益和诉求，确保他们的发展空间。在对有关国际组织进行调整和改革时，应更好维护广大发展中国家的发展利益和政策空间，确保继续赋予他们相应优惠待遇。
The international community should stand firm in supporting multilateralism and the multilateral trading regime, continue to promote the reform of global economic governance and increase the voice and representation of emerging markets and developing countries. Whether in the fields of innovation, trade and investment, and protection of intellectual property rights or in the new domains of cyberspace, outer space or polar regions, the views of emerging markets and developing countries should be fully considered and their interests and appeals reflected when making new rules to ensure their space for development. When making adjustment and carrying out reform of relevant international organizations, the development interests and policy options of developing countries should be better protected, and the preferential treatment they have enjoyed should be maintained.