中国常驻团临时代办戴兵大使在维和行动转型过渡问题安理会公开辩论会上的发言
Remarks by Ambassador Dai Bing at Security Council Ministerial Open Debate on Peacekeeping and UN Transitions
2021年9月8日
8 September 2021
主席女士：
Mr. President,
中方欢迎爱尔兰倡议举行此次会议，感谢古特雷斯秘书长和瑟利夫阁下的通报。我也认真听取了亚当女士的发言。
China welcomes Ireland’s initiative to hold this meeting and we thank Secretary-General Guterres and Her Excellency Sirleaf for their briefings. I have also listened carefully to the statement of Ms. Adam.
维和行动是联合国维护国际和平安全的重要手段。合理制定并有效落实转型过渡战略是维和行动取得成功的关键，也是安理会成员需要不断总结经验、改进完善的共同课题。
Peacekeeping operations (PKOs) are important means for the UN to maintain international peace and security. Appropriately formulated and effectively implemented transitions strategy is the key to the success of PKOs. It is also a common topic that requires Council members to take stock of lessons learned and continuously improve.
我们要优化维和行动的整体规划。维和行动要始终紧扣政治解决的根本方向，根据形势发展及时调整授权范围和优先次序。保护平民、促进人权、过渡司法等都是服务政治进程的手段，不能取代政治进程本身。安理会在部署维和行动的早期阶段，就应该纳入建设和平有关设想，努力为当事国长治久安打下基础。随着当事国局势逐渐稳定，及时制定清晰可行的撤出战略应该成为推进平稳过渡的重要环节。联合国在东帝汶、塞拉利昂、科特迪瓦、利比里亚都有成功实践。我们要善加总结并积极推广有益经验。
We must optimize the overall planning of PKOs. PKOs should always follow the political goals, and on the basis of the evolution of the situation, make timely adjustments in terms of the scope of mandates and prioritization. Protection of civilians, protection of human rights and transitional justice are all means to serve the political process. They cannot replace the political process itself. The Security Council, at the early stage of peacekeeping deployment, should incorporate relevant ideas of peacebuilding, and strive to lay the foundations for the long-term peace and stability in the countries concerned. As the situation gradually stabilizes, a clear and feasible exit strategy needs to be formulated as this is an important element in promoting a smooth transition. In this connection, the UN has success story in Timor-Leste, Sierra Leone, Cote d’Ivoire and Liberia. We should make good use of such positive experiences and proactively promote their application.
主席女士，
Madam President，
我们要把支持当事国实现国家重建作为核心重点。经历冲突磨难的国家百废待兴，从维和向建和过渡是实现国家重建的关键。这首先是当事国的责任，但冲突后国家在过渡阶段的自主发展能力十分脆弱，联合国和国际社会同样有责任提供有针对性的支持，帮助当事国提升内生发展能力。需要强调的是，政治稳定和社会安定要以经济稳步发展为基础。维和行动的过渡战略要把支持当事国基础设施建设、农业等关键领域发展、资源开发与利用、普及教育、消除贫困等作为优先任务，这些都是国家长治久安的重要条件。阿富汗近期局势演变表明，外来强加的“民主改造”只会以失败收场。国际社会和联合国应总结教训，对阿富汗这样冲突后国家的重建继续提供切实有力支持。
We must focus on supporting the countries concerned in nation building as the top priority. Countries emerging from conflicts see their infrastructure in ruins. The transition from peacekeeping to peacebuilding is the key to national reconstruction. This is primarily the responsibility of the countries concerned. But post-conflict countries, due to their vulnerability and fragility, are hardly capable of independent development during this transitional phase. The UN and the international community shoulder the responsibility to provide targeted support to these countries to as to build and improve their self-driven development capacity. It should be emphasized that political and social stability hinges on the steady economic development. In the transition strategy of PKOs, priority should be given to key sectors such as infrastructure, agriculture, resources utilization, accessibility of education and poverty eradication, among others, as these are all important conditions for the long-term peace and stability of the country. What transpired recently in Afghanistan is proof that the “democratic transformation” imposed from the outside will inevitably end in failure. The international community and the UN should identify lessons learned and continue to provide effective and strong support to post-conflict countries such as Afghanistan in their reconstruction efforts.
我们要坚持因地制宜制定过渡战略。冲突后过渡涉及国家机构重建、民族和解、安全部门改革等，这些问题都事关当事国主权，离不开当事国特定的政治、经济、文化条件。联合国制定维和行动的过渡计划要充分听取并尊重当事国的意愿，与当事国自主制定的国家发展战略及优先领域加强衔接，并且根据当事国局势发展及时调整。联合国特派团近三十年来在海地几进几出，投入巨大，但海地国家治理依然问题成堆，令人失望。联合国对海地现有支援模式不可持续，海地当局要承担自身责任，独立自主地解决自身问题。
We must persist in the formulation of transition strategies that are in line with local conditions. Post-conflict transition involves the rebuilding of state institutions, national reconciliation, security sector reform, etc. These are all related to national sovereignty and cannot be separated from the specific political, economic and cultural conditions of countries concerned. In designing the transition plan of the UN PKOs, we should fully heed and respect the wishes of the country so as to ensure convergence and complementarity with the national development strategies and priorities independently formulated and determined by the countries themselves. It is also essential to make timely adjustments in light of the evolving situation on the ground in these countries. The UN has organized and dispatched in the last 30 years several missions in Haiti and made significant investment there. Yet a large number of problems pertaining to state governance still remain in Haiti, which is disappointing. The existing model for Haiti is unsustainable the Haitian government should shoulder the responsibilities and tackle these problems independently.
主席女士，
Madam President，
长期以来，中方积极支持冲突后国家，特别是发展中国家的重建与发展，在经济发展、教育卫生、基础设施建设等领域提供支持，重点帮助他们提升自主发展能力，增强“造血”功能。中国—联合国和平与发展基金也积极支持在有关国家开展反恐、维和、斡旋调解、可持续发展等领域项目合作。中方愿与国际社会一道，继续为帮助冲突后国家实现持久和平与可持续发展做出积极贡献。
For many years, China has actively supported the reconstruction and development of post-conflict countries, especially developing countries, and provided support in the fields of economic development, education, house and infrastructure, focusing on helping them improve their independent development capacity and achieve a greater degree of self-reliance and self-efficiency. The China-UN Peace and Development Fund has actively supported relevant countries in undertaking cooperation projects in counter-terrorism, peacekeeping, good offices and mediation, and sustainable development. China stands ready to work with the international community to continue its positive contribution in helping post-conflict countries achieve lasting peace and sustainable development.
谢谢主席女士。
Thank you, Madam President.