Tapping Digital Technology in Fighting COVID-19 and Resuming Business to Open up a New Future for Recovery of World Economy
数字化战疫复工开辟世界经济复苏新未来
Ambassador Zhang Zuo to North Macedonia
驻北马其顿大使张佐
May 31 2020
2020年5月31日
The COVID-19 pandemic has a severe impact on the world. However, development of digitalization has attracted much attention due to its unique advantages. It is even becoming a new trend in globalization. China attaches great importance to digitalization. President Xi Jinping proposed to promote building Digital China and jointly build community with a shared future in cyberspace at the Second World Internet Conference in 2015. At the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in 2017, he proposed building a Digital Silk Road to better benefit peoples around the world by advancing digitalization. It carries special significance now applying digital technology in fighting COVID-19 and resuming business, in order to open up a new future for the world to overcome the epidemic and promote economic recovery.
新冠肺炎疫情大流行对全球产生严重冲击，但数字化发展由于其独特优势而备受关注，甚至正成为全球化新趋势。中国高度重视数字化，习近平主席在2015年第二届世界互联网大会上提出推进数字中国建设并倡议共同构建网络空间命运共同体，2017年在“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上提出建设数字丝绸之路，推动数字化发展更好造福世界各国人民，特别是数字化战疫情促复工，为世界携手战胜疫情促进经济复苏开辟新未来。
I. Tapping digital technologies in fighting epidemic and resuming business will usher in technological breakthroughs and create a collaborative symbiotic innovation chain
一、数字化战疫复工催生技术突破，打造协同共生创新链
In his keynote speech at the opening session of the World Economic Forum 2017 in Davos, President Xi Jinping pointed out, “We should develop new growth models and seize opportunities presented by the new round of industrial revolution and digital economy. And when cultivating new industries and new business models, we should create new jobs”. It provides important guidance for creating a collaborative and symbiotic digital innovation chain. The practice of tapping digital technologies in fighting epidemic and resuming business has proved the next few years will be a critical period for creating a collaborative symbiotic innovation chain.
习近平在世界经济论坛2017年年会主旨演讲中指出，“我们要创新增长方式，把握好新一轮产业革命、数字经济等带来的机遇”“在培育新产业新业态新模式过程中注意创造新的就业机会”，为打造协同共生数字化创新链提供了重要指引。数字化战疫复工实践证明，未来几年是打造协同共生创新链关键时期。
Leading digital technologies continue to see innovative break-through. In May 2017, at the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, President Xi Jinping stated “we need to achieve innovation-driven development and deepen cooperation in frontier areas such as smart manufacturing and digital economy”. To continuously bring revolutionary changes in cutting-edge digital technology, China formulates and implements national strategy on big data, “Internet Plus” action plan, “New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan” and etc.
数字化前沿科技不断突破创新。2017年5月，习近平在“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上指出，“我们要坚持创新驱动，加强在数字经济、人工智能、纳米技术、量子计算机等前沿领域合作”，引领世界数字化前沿技术不断带来革命性变革，中国制定实施国家大数据战略、“互联网+”行动计划、《新一代人工智能发展规划》等。
Blockchain is highly valued as one of the core technologies. At present, the People’s Bank of China’s digital currency is being piloted in Shenzhen, Xiong’an, Chengdu, and Suzhou. The state will incorporate infrastructure related to blockchain into new infrastructure construction, and accelerate the integrated development of blockchain technology and society as well as economy. The 5G technology has entered the commercial use. In 2019, China officially opened 5G business. 5G+infrared temperature measurement, 5G+delivery robots, 5G+cleaning robots have been active in various scenarios during China’s epidemic prevention and control. 5G is binding all production factors to provide impetus for digital change in different industries.
区块链作为核心技术受到高度重视，目前中国人民银行数字货币正在深圳、雄安、成都、苏州4地试点，国家将区块链基础设施建设纳入新基建范畴，加快推进区块链技术和经济社会融合发展。5G技术步入商用阶段，2019年中国正式开启5G商用，5G+红外测温、5G+送货机器人、5G+清洁机器人等已活跃在疫情防控的各个场景，5G“打通”各生产要素，为各行业数字变革提供动力。
In terms of artificial intelligence technology, core technologies like voice AI make constant break-through. The new generation of Internet, artificial intelligence, and digital technologies have shifted from connection and empowerment to the integration and reconstruction of industrial chains, promoting the integration of people flow, logistics, capital flow, and information flow. Their efficient collaboration makes production more refined, supply and demand matching more precise, and industry division more pinpointed. In fighting Covid-19 and accelerating resumption of production, China deploys an innovation chain around industry chain, lays out the industry chain around the innovation chain to step up its efforts to supply pharmaceutical raw materials, necessities and PPE to the international market for fighting epidemic and pepping up economic recovery.
人工智能技术方面，语音AI等核心技术不断突破，新一代互联网、人工智能、数字技术已从连接、赋能，转向产业链条的融合、再造，促进人流、物流、资金流、信息流融通汇聚、高效协同，使生产制造更加精益、供需匹配更加精准、产业分工更加精细。在新冠肺炎疫情防控战和加快推进复工复产中，中国围绕产业链部署创新链，围绕创新链布局产业链，加大力度向国际市场供应原料药、生活必需品、防疫等产品，提振全球战胜疫情和经济复苏士气。
The popularization of digital technology is eye-catching. In his congratulatory letter to the 2018 World Artificial Intelligence Conference, Xi Jinping emphasized that “China is ready to work with other countries to cooperate in technology exchanging, data sharing, application markets and other areas and share opportunities for the development of the digital economy”. China is embracing an eruption of digital technology application. In particular, a huge 5G industry application matrix is taking shape. A number of new industries, new forms of business and new models are thriving. The “basic application Plus” model is rapidly replicating in industry, transportation, energy, and tourism. For example, China Beidou Compass Satellite Navigation system acted as a trans-disciplinary pioneer in scientific and technological anti-epidemic. In terms of digital mapping, Beidou positioning equipment has ensured high-precision positioning and accurate mapping in complex worksites, and saved precious time for rapid construction of Huoshenshan Hospital and Leishenshan Hospital.
数字技术普及应用十分抢眼。习近平在致2018世界人工智能大会的贺信中强调，“中国愿意在技术交流、数据共享、应用市场等方面同各国开展交流合作，共享数字经济发展机遇”，引领中国迎来数字技术井喷式研发运用，特别是形成庞大的5G行业应用矩阵，一批新产业、新业态、新模式逆势而上，基础应用+模式在工业、交通、能源、旅游等行业快速复制。比如中国北斗担当起科技抗“疫”的跨界先锋，在精确标绘方面，北斗高精度定位设备可确保在复杂场地实现高精度定位、精确标绘，为火神山、雷神山医院迅速施工争取了宝贵时间。
In terms of unimpeded transportation to facilitate logistics, the Ministry of Transport recommends the best routes and driving-track information service during the outbreak, through the vehicle-mounted Beidou terminal connected to the National Freight Vehicle Public Supervision and Service Platform.
在畅通运输助力物流方面，交通运输部通过在全国道路货运车辆公共监管与服务平台入网的北斗车载终端，推荐疫情期间经验线路及行车轨迹查询服务。
In terms of locating patients, combining Beidou Navigation, the Internet, mobile communication networks, big data, cloud computing and etc, “Beidou +” information products can accurately retrace and publish the trajectory of the infected, providing critical data support for community-level prevention and control. Digital technology is now widely used in epidemic prevention and control and resumption of production, which improves economic efficiency and accelerates economic structure transformation. It will surely become an important driving force for the global response to economic recession.
在定位病患方面，北斗与互联网、移动通信网、大数据、云计算等结合形成的“北斗+”信息产品，可以对感染者行动轨迹精确定位并向社会公开发布，为大城市特别是基层社区做好防控提供了关键数据支撑。数字技术正广泛用于疫情防控和复工复产，提高了经济效率、促进经济结构加速转变，必将成为全球应对经济衰退的重要动力。
II. When tapping digital technologies in fighting epidemic and resuming business, we insist on inclusiveness and mutual benefit, and building a mutually beneficial and win-win value chain.
二、数字化战疫复工坚持包容互惠，筑牢互利共赢价值链
In 2015, President Xi Jinping emphasized at the Second World Internet Conference that “we should promote openness and cooperation so that more countries and people will ride on the fast train of the information era and share the benefits of Internet development”. The digital economy is becoming the key to a global, mutually beneficial and win-win value chain integration. It is accelerating the digitization and intelligent construction of the global value chain, which can foster the economic integration and political mutual trust of countries, and promote single value chains to converge into a value network.
2015年习近平主席在第二届世界互联网大会上强调，“促进开放合作”“让更多国家和人民搭乘信息时代的快车、共享互联网发展成果”，数字经济正成为全球互利共赢价值链整合延伸的关键所在，加快全球价值链的数字化、智能化构建，可培育各国的经济融合、政治互信，推动单一价值链向价值网络跃升。
Digital consumption continues to expand and grow. In August 2018, at the first China International Smart Industry Exposition, President Xi Jinping stressed in his congratulatory message, “China stands ready to actively participate in the international cooperation of the digital economy, work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the digital economy, and cultivate new kinetic energy and open up new space for world economic growth.”
数字消费市场持续扩大增长。2018年8月，习近平向首届中国国际智能产业博览会致贺信强调，“中国愿积极参与数字经济国际合作，同各国携手推动数字经济健康发展，为世界经济增长培育新动能、开辟新空间”。
Digital resources are the main driver of digital economy, and have played an increasingly important role in promoting the vigorous development of the consumer market. As of March 2020, the number of online shopping users in China has reached 710 million, an increase of 100 million from the end of 2018. The transaction volume reached 10.63 trillion RMB (1.37 trillion EUR), an increase of 16.5% year-on-year. China has been the top digital consumer market for past seven consecutive years. Among them, the online retail sales of physical goods reached 8.52 trillion RMB (1.1 trillion EUR), an increase of 19.5% year-on-year, accounting for 20.7% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods. Online consumption in 2019 has played an active role in expanding domestic demand.
数字资源是数字经济发展的主要驱动，在促进消费市场蓬勃发展方面发挥了日趋重要的作用。截至2020年3月，中国网络购物用户规模达7.10亿，较2018年底增长1.00亿。交易规模达10.63万亿元，同比增长16.5%，连续七年成为全球最大的数字消费市场。其中，实物商品网上零售额达8.52万亿元，同比增长19.5%，占社会消费品零售总额的比重为20.7%。2019年网络消费在扩大内需方面发挥了积极作用。
The new e-commerce model represented by social media and live broadcasting has been innovatively developed to release potential domestic consumption. The annual social e-commerce transaction volume increased by over 60% year-on-year. E-commerce platforms and logistics services are expanding into new markets, propelling continuous improvement of online shopping infrastructure and commodity supply in small cities and rural areas. Mobile payment services are driving emergence of new online and offline consumption scenarios. Online catering, travel agency, housekeeping platform boom, expanding the horizon of digital consumption.
以社交、直播电商为代表的新电商模式创新发展，释放潜在内需消费，全年社交电商交易额同比增长超过60%。电商平台渠道、物流服务下沉市场，推动三线以下城市和农村地区网购基础设施和商品供给不断完善，移动支付服务推动线上线下联动的消费新场景不断丰富，其中在线餐饮、在线旅游、在线家政等网络服务蓬勃发展，不断扩大数字消费边界。
Digital commerce is reshaping global value chains. In 2015, as President Xi Jinping emphasized at the Second World Internet Conference, “we are ready to step up cooperation with all countries. Through the development of cross-border e-commerce and the building of information economy demonstration zones, we will be able to spur the growth of worldwide investment and trade, and promote global development of digital economy”.
数字贸易推动着全球价值链重塑。2015年习近平主席在第二届世界互联网大会上强调，“我们愿意同各国加强合作，通过发展跨境电子商务、建设信息经济示范区，促进世界范围内投资和贸易发展，推动全球数字经济发展”。
Channeling countries and large multinational corporations to take the digital economy as the main direction of future development, China is highly open to participate in the global value chain and division of labor. In 2019, the total value of imports and exports of retail goods through the Customs Cross-border E-commerce Management Platform reached 186.21 billion RMB (24 billion EUR), an increase of 38.3%.
引领世界各国和大型跨国企业都将数字经济作为未来发展的主要方向，中国以高水平开放参与全球价值链分工合作，2019年通过海关跨境电子商务管理平台零售进出口商品总额达1862.1亿元，增长了38.3%。
Policies and export models have been continuously optimized. The Cross-border E-commerce Comprehensive Pilot Zones have been further increased. China set up the first Cross-border E-commerce Comprehensive Pilot Zone in 2015 and reached 59 pilot zones after three enlargements. In April 2020, its number increased to 105 with 46 additional zones. Operating costs have been reduced for cross-border export thanks to continuous improvement of export policies and models. In 2019, the State Council promulgated the “tax-free with no invoice required” policy, making corporate income tax verification and collection more convenient. Later last year, new model of e-commerce bonded export was launched in Hangzhou Comprehensive Pilot Zone. By this model, online customs declaration, customs clearance, foreign exchange settlement, tax refund and other services are provided one-stop. Cross-border e-commerce as an important component of digital commerce is developing rapidly. Digital commerce has played an important role in stabilizing the supply chain in fighting against epidemics.
政策和出口模式不断优化，跨境电子商务综合试验区范围进一步扩大，中国从2015年开始设跨境电子商务综合试验区，分三批达到59个，2020年4月再增加46个，全国跨境电商综合试验区增至105个。跨境出口政策、模式不断完善，降低跨境出口运营成本，2019年国务院出台“无票免税”政策和更加便利企业的所得税核定征收办法，杭州综试区跨境电商1210邮路保税出口新模式启动，为企业跨境电商出口提供一站式在线报关、通关及结汇、退税等服务，跨境电子商务作为数字贸易的重要组成发展迅速，数字贸易在抗疫中发挥稳供应链的重要作用。
III. Tapping digital technologies in fighting epidemic and resuming business reinvents business model, creating an open and cooperative industrial chain
三、数字化战疫复工创新业态模式，打造开放合作产业链
In his congratulatory message to the Fourth World Internet Conference in 2017, President Xi Jinping pointed out that “China’s digital economy will enter a fast lane. China hopes to promote all countries to take express train of the internet and digital economy together”. China has made positive contributions to transforming the world economy to a digital one. Especially through tapping digital technologies in fighting epidemic and resuming business, China helps to maintain the stability of global industrial chain and supply chain.
习近平在2017年致第四届世界互联网大会的贺信中指出，“中国数字经济发展将进入快车道。中国希望通过自己的努力，推动世界各国共同搭乘互联网和数字经济发展的快车”，中国为推动世界经济向数字化转型作出积极贡献，特别是通过数字化战疫促复工复产，维护了全球产业链、供应链稳定。
New forms and models of digital economy are emerging. During his visit to Zhejiang Province on April 1, 2020, President Xi Jinping emphasized the need to “pay close attention to the layout of strategic emerging industries and future industries such as digital economy, life and health, new materials, vigorously promote technological innovation, and strive to expand new growth points and form new development momentum”.
数字经济新业态新模式涌现。习近平在2020年4月1日赴浙江考察期间，强调要“抓紧布局数字经济、生命健康、新材料等战略性新兴产业、未来产业，大力推进科技创新，着力壮大新增长点、形成发展新动能。”
Chinese digital economy led and supported mainly by innovation is taking shape at accelerated pace. In 2019, size of digital economy of China reached 31.3 trillion RMB (4 trillion EUR), ranking among the highest in the world, accounting for 34.8% of GDP. Digital consumption continues to grow. In 2019, online consumption exceeded the 10 trillion RMB (1.28 trillion EUR) mark, ranking first in the world for seven consecutive years, which prompts more new models and new forms of business model to participate in market competition at a faster rate.
中国加快形成以创新为主要引领和支撑的数字经济，2019年数字经济规模已达31.3万亿元，位居世界前列，占国内生产总值的比重达到34.8%。数字消费持续增长，2019年网络消费已突破10万亿大关，连续七年位居世界第一，催生更多新模式、新业态以更快的速度参与到市场竞争中来。
The construction of China’s digital economy stems from the pioneering exploration and successful practice in the field of information technology. Back to 2000, the then Governor of Fujian Province, Mr. Xi Jinping, proposed the concept of building a “digital Fujian” with a clear goal of “digitalization, networking, and smartness”. During his work in Zhejiang Province, one of major decisions made by Mr. Xi is to build “Digital Zhejiang”. In September 2016, China, as host of G20, listed “digital economy” as an important issue in the G20’s blueprint for innovation and growth for the first time. The “G20 Digital Economy Development and Cooperation Initiative” adopted by G20 at Hangzhou Summit is the world’s first digital economy policy document jointly signed by leaders of many countries. Facing the unprecedented impact of the Covid-19 on countries and the world economy, digital economy is becoming an “accelerator” and “amplifier” to promote global economic reform, efficiency reform and dynamics reform.
中国数字经济建设源于在信息化领域的先行探索和成功实践，早在2000年，时任福建省省长习近平提出建设“数字福建”的构想，并明确提出“数字化、网络化、智能化”的建设目标，习近平在浙江工作期间作出了“数字浙江”建设的重大决策，2016年9月中国作为二十国集团（G20）主席国，首次将“数字经济”列为G20创新增长蓝图中的一项重要议题，G20杭州峰会通过的《二十国集团数字经济发展与合作倡议》是全球首个由多国领导人共同签署的数字经济政策文件。面对新冠肺炎疫情给各国及世界经济带来前所未有冲击，数字经济正成为推动全球经济变革、效率变革和动力变革的“加速器”和“放大器”。
The innovative forms by digital businesses have sprung up. President Xi Jinping pointed out at Leaders’ Special Event on Digital Economy during the G20 Osaka Summit in 2019 that “we want to create a fair, just and non-discriminatory market environment. We could not develop with closed doors, let alone interfere with the market artificially”. Digital platforms, digital marketing, digital transactions, and digital logistics have emerged in large numbers. And the global influence of digital companies has increased. They are playing an increasingly important role in promoting industrial upgrade and leading global development. According to the UN “Digital Economy Report 2019”, digital platform companies owned by China and the United States account for 90% of the market value of the world’s 70 largest digital platforms. Among them, seven super platforms including Alibaba and Tencent, account for two thirds of the total market value of the global digital economy. As of December 2019, the total number of Chinese Internet companies listed both at home and abroad was 135, an increase of 12.5% from the end of 2018; the total number of unicorn IT companies was 187, an increase of 74, i.e. 65.5% from the end of 2018.
数字企业创新业态异军突起。习近平主席在2019年G20大阪峰会的数字经济特别会议上指出，“我们要营造公平、公正、非歧视的市场环境，不能关起门来搞发展，更不能人为干扰市场”，数字化平台、数字化营销、数字化交易、数字化物流加速涌现，数字企业全球影响力提升，在推动产业升级、引领全球发展中日益扮演重要角色。联合国《2019年数字经济报告》指出，中国和美国所拥有的数字平台企业占全球70个最大数字平台市值的90%，包括中国阿里巴巴和腾讯两家企业在内的七个“超级平台”，占据了全球数字经济总市值三分之二。截至2019年12月，中国境内外互联网上市企业总数为135家，较2018年底增长12.5%；网信独角兽企业总数为187家，较2018年底增加74家，增幅达65.5%。
The platform economy continues to empower the digital development of the industry. On the demand side, platform companies have played an important role in promoting business model innovation, empowering businesses, brand growth and digitizing consumption. On the supply side, platform companies provide key support for promoting the commodities supply-side reform, improving manufacturing efficiency, and promoting industrial transformation and upgrade through data-driven optimization of commodity supply and improvement of the level of supply chain digitization.
平台经济为产业数字化发展持续赋能。在需求端，平台企业在推动商业模式创新、赋能商家和品牌发展及消费数字化等方面发挥了重要作用；在供给端，平台通过数据驱动优化商品供给、提升供应链数字化水平等方式，为推动商品供给侧改革、提升生产制造效能、促进产业转型升级提供了关键支撑。
IV. Tapping digital technologies in fighting epidemic and resuming business promotes the transformation of society, and creates an Internet of Things (IOT) ecosystem.
四、数字化战疫复工促进社会转型，打造万物互联生态链
On the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, President Xi Jinping pointed out that we should “advance the development of big data, cloud computing and smart cities so as to turn them into a digital silk road of the 21st century”. This digital silk road has become an important platform for creating an Internet of Things (IOT) ecosystem, including the macro-ecosystem for basic software and hardware, the meso-ecosystem for application demonstration in key areas and the micro-ecosystem for platform products.
2017年5月，习近平在“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上指出，“推动大数据、云计算、智慧城市建设，连接成21世纪的数字丝绸之路”，数字丝绸之路成为全球万物互联生态链的重要平台。数字化战疫复工中打造万物互联生态链，包括基础软硬件宏观生态、关键领域应用示范中观生态和平台级微观生态。
The transformation from a traditional society to a digitalized society is promoted. In the letter to congratulate the opening of the Fifth World Internet Conference, President Xi Jinping stressed that it is important “to promote the development of digital technology globally and build a sustainable digital world, in order to make the fruits of the internet development better benefit the people of all countries.” China has accelerated the coverage of digital technology into every corner of the society, showing diversified features. By March 2020, China has 904 million internet users, an increase of 75.08 million compared with the end of 2018, and the Internet coverage rate has reached 64.5%.
推动传统社会数字化转型。2018年11月7日，习近平在致第五届世界互联网大会的贺信中强调“共同推动全球数字化发展，构建可持续的数字世界，让互联网发展成果更好造福世界各国人民”，引领数字化加速渗透到社会的每个毛细血管，呈现多元化、社会化特征，截至2020年3月，中国网民规模为9.04亿，较2018年底新增网民7508万，互联网普及率达64.5%。
The building of digital city is accelerated. The development of “transportation, medical service, government service” has integrated. To use cutting-edge digital technology to innovate the measures, models and philosophy of city management, such as using big data, cloud computing, block chain and artificial intelligence to solve traffic congestion, promote city management and contain epidemic.
数字化城市建设加速推进，“交通、医疗、政务”三位一体化发展，通过数字治堵、数字治城、数字治疫，运用大数据、云计算、区块链、人工智能等前沿技术推动城市管理手段、管理模式、管理理念创新。
The level of digital rural construction continued to improve. The internet coverage rate in rural areas is 46.2%, with an increase of 7.8% compared with the end of 2018. The gap between urban and rural internet coverage rate was narrowed by 5.9%. Transformation empowered by digital technology has helped secure the victory against poverty. By October 2019, 99% of China’s villages below the poverty line have broadband access. China has achieved the world’s leading rural internet coverage and fought against poverty through e-commerce, online education, short video and other means. Located in Southwestern corner of China, Yunnan Province has launched its Digital Yunnan Exhibition Center and China’s first blockchain hub which has attracted 24 enterprises including Alibaba.com, Hyperchain and Shengjianan Biotech. It also launched the first provincial level blockchain origin-tracing code, the “Peacock Code”. Now, Yunnan is striving to realize full coverage of 5G Internet as one of its top ten projects and boost building a digital Yunnan.
数字乡村建设水平持续提升，农村地区互联网普及率为46.2%，较2018年底提升7.8个百分点，城乡之间的互联网普及率差距缩小5.9个百分点；数字化转型助力打赢脱贫攻坚战，截至2019年10月，中国贫困村通宽带比例达到99%，实现了全球领先的农村网络覆盖，通过电子商务、在线教育、短视频等多种方式助力脱贫攻坚。地处西南边陲的云南省，建成数字云南展示中心、成立全国首个区块链中心，上线云南区块链平台，首批入驻阿里、趣链、圣加南等24家企业，推出中国首个省级层面区块链溯源商品码——孔雀码，目前正把5G网络全覆盖作为十大项目之一，以更大力度推进数字云南建设。
Digital infrastructure gives birth to a business community of IOT. On Leaders’ Special Event on Digital Economy at the sideline of the G20 Osaka Summit in 2019, President Xi Jinping advocated that “we need to forcefully advance the construction of digital infrastructure and promote connectivity”. China promotes the vigorous development of connectivity between China and other countries through “new infrastructure” embodied by 5G, data center and etc. Especially against the backdrop of regular epidemic prevention and control, China has attracted trillions of investment for new infrastructure construction projects.
数字基建催生万物互联生态。习近平主席在2019年G20大阪峰会的数字经济特别会议上提出，“加强数字基础设施建设，促进互联互通”，推动中国同世界各国以5G、数据中心等为代表的“新基建”互联互通蓬勃发展，特别引人注目的是在疫情防控常态化背景下，中国已吸引数十万亿投资支持新型基础设施建设项目。
New infrastructure consists of three branches: information technology infrastructure, fusion infrastructure and creative infrastructure. Information technology infrastructure means infrastructure that evolves from new generation of technologies, including telecommunication Internet infrastructure (5G, IOT, industrial Internet and satellite Internet), new technology infrastructure (artificial intelligence, cloud computing, block chain) and computing power infrastructure (data center, intelligent computing center). Fusion infrastructure means using deep fusion technology to support the transformation of traditional infrastructure, mainly including smart traffic and smart resources infrastructure. Innovative Infrastructure means infrastructure with non-profitable feature that supports science and technology research and development and product search and manufacturing, mainly including basic infrastructure for major technology, scientific and educational infrastructure and infrastructure for industrial technology innovation.
新基建总体上涵盖三个方面，信息基础设施方面，主要是指基于新一代信息技术演化生成的基础设施，比如，以5G、物联网、工业互联网、卫星互联网为代表的通信网络基础设施，以人工智能、云计算、区块链等为代表的新技术基础设施，以数据中心、智能计算中心为代表的算力基础设施等。融合基础设施方面，主要是指智能交通、智慧能源等融合基础设施。创新基础设施方面，主要是指支撑科学研究、技术开发、产品研制的具有公益属性的基础设施，比如，重大科技基础设施、科教基础设施、产业技术创新基础设施等。
V. Tapping digital technologies in fighting epidemic and resuming business promotes the level of global governance by fostering a security chain for cyberspace.
五、数字化战疫复工提升全球治理，构筑网络空间安全链
At the Leaders’ Special Event on Digital Economy at the sideline of the G20 Osaka Summit in 2019, President Xi Jinping stated that “digital economy develops rapidly and is profoundly reshaping the world economy and human society and we should work together to improve data governance rules”. This important statement points out the direction for digital governance. During epidemic prevention & control and resumption of production, the widely used “Health Code” in China has become ever important, contributing to protection of people’s safety with a digital approach.
习近平主席在2019年G20大阪峰会的数字经济特别会议上指出，“数字经济发展日新月异，深刻重塑世界经济和人类社会面貌”“要共同完善数据治理规则”。这一重要论述为数字治理指明了方向。疫情防控和复工复产期间，风行中国的“健康码”成为数字治理重要抓手，以数字化方式引领构筑数字治理安全链。
China has optimized the efficiency of digital collaborative governance of our society. On the Second World Internet Conference, President Xi Jinping emphasized that “cyberspace is the common space of activities for mankind. The future of cyberspace should be in the hands of all countries.” We should work together to foster a peaceful, secure, open and cooperative cyberspace and use big data to improve the modernization rate of state governance.
提高社会数字化协同治理效率。习近平在2015年第二届世界互联网大会上强调“网络空间是人类共同的活动空间，网络空间前途命运应由世界各国共同掌握”，引领共同构建和平、安全、开放、合作的网络空间，运用大数据提升国家治理现代化水平。
Digital collaborative governance has obviously made its contribution to this epidemic prevention and control. For example, intelligent medical service has supported epidemic diagnosis and treatment to secure the functioning of hospitals; smart city network has improved the efficiency of urban epidemic containment; smart logistics service has responded to the urgent demand during this period to guarantee people’s livelihood and social operation; smart education has met the needs of online learning and develop a new way of education; smart manufacturing has further improved production efficiency and supported high-quality development of economy.
这次新冠肺炎疫情防控中推动数字化协同治理效果十分明显，这包括，智能医疗辅助诊断治疗，保障医院安全诊疗；智慧城市建设强化疫情防控，提升防疫工作效率；智能物流应对防疫期间的紧迫需求，保障社会民生；智能教育满足在线学习需求，推进教育方式创新；智能制造进一步提高生产效率，支撑经济高质量发展。
“Internet + government services” is stepping forward in an orderly fashion, boosting the digital transformation of government and modernization of governance. As of March 2020, the number of government online service users in China has reached 694 million, accounting for 76.8% of the total Internet users. The speed of building digital government is accelerating. The National Integrated Online Government Service Platform was launched for trial and has played the initial role of “digital government” in supporting the prevention and control efforts of COVID-19 from early 2020. The legalization process of online government services has been accelerated. Its regulated, standardized and intensive development has achieved initial results. Provinces have gradually achieved unified data pooling and collective operation for mobile government service applications and realized data sharing and taking the whole country into account.
“互联网+政务服务”有序推进，助推政府数字化转型和政府治理现代化。截至2020年3月，中国在线政务服务用户规模达6.94亿，占网民整体的76.8%。数字政府的建设速度不断加快，全国一体化在线政务服务平台上线试运行，并在2020年初的新冠肺炎疫情防控中初步发挥“数字政府”支撑和职能作用。在线政务法制化进程加快，规范化、标准化、集约化发展初见成效，各省逐步做到移动政务服务应用统一数据源、统一运营，实现数据同源共享，推动实现在线政务“全国一盘棋”。
China has fostered a global system for digital governance. To build a cyberspace community with a shared future for mankind is the Chinese proposal for global digital governance. President Xi Jinping stressed that in his congratulatory letter to the 2019 China International Big Data Industry Expo that “all countries around the world need to strengthen cooperation, deepen exchanges, and seize the opportunities of the development in digitization, networking, and artificial intelligence”. We have contributed Chinese wisdom to global digital governance and strengthened exchange and cooperation as well as communication and consultation in this regard. China is willing to work hand in hand with other countries to address the risks and challenges faced by digital governance and promote the rule of law in digital governance. China advocates mutual respect for internet sovereignty and promoting digital connectivity and shared governance through bilateral and multilateral cooperation.
打造国际数字网络治理体系。共同构建网络空间命运共同体是全球数字治理的中国方案，习近平主席向2019中国国际大数据产业博览会致贺信时强调，“各国需要加强合作，深化交流，共同把握好数字化、网络化、智能化发展机遇，处理好大数据发展在法律、安全、政府治理等方面挑战。”中国为全球数字治理贡献中国智慧，加强全球数字治理交流合作与沟通协商，携手应对数字治理面对的风险与挑战，推动数字治理法治化，倡导尊重网络主权，通过双多边合作推动数字互联互通和共享共治。
In order to actively deal with impact of the outbreak, China has made full use of the Internet, big data, AI as well as other digital technologies. China has witnessed online coordination, online data contribution, and systematic digital governance among its citizens nationwide. This will not only help to coordinate the current epidemic prevention and control needs with development of society and economy, but also help to define the boundaries of data collection, processing and release and strengthen relevant legal system and safety precautions of digital governance, so as to ensure national security, citizen’s privacy and business secrets are under full protection. At the same time, China has played a more active part in promoting and joining international cooperation of data governance, injecting new impetus to building a digital silk road, sharing scientific research data and information, as well as strengthening communication and exchange with the World Health Organization and other countries in epidemic prevention and control. China stands ready to contribute its wisdom and strength to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
为积极应对新冠肺炎疫情带来的冲击，中国运用互联网、大数据、人工智能等数字科技手段，出现了全民的网上协同、全民的数据贡献、系统的数字治理，不仅有助于统筹做好当前的疫情防控与社会经济协调发展工作，还有助于中国更加注重厘清数据收集、处理和发布的边界，加强数字治理的法治建设和安全防范，确保国家安全、个人隐私和商业机密得到充分保护，同时中国更加积极推动和参与数据治理国际合作，推进数字丝绸之路建设，在疫情防控中加强同世卫组织和各国沟通交流，共享科研数据和信息，为推动构建人类命运共同体贡献智慧和力量。