坚持开放包容、互利共赢，打造“一带一路”“黄金成果”
Harvest More “Golden Fruits” for China and UK Through Open and Inclusive Cooperation on Belt and Road Initiative
驻英国大使刘晓明在2018年伦敦金融城之周论坛上的主旨演讲
Keynote Speech by H.E. Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the City Week 2018
伦敦金融城市政大厅，2018年4月23日
Guildhall, London, 23 April 2018
尊敬的各位部长，
各位使节，
各国金融界和企业界的朋友们，
女士们，先生们：
Ministers,
Ambassadors,
Business and Financial Leaders,
Ladies and Gentlemen:
很高兴再次出席伦敦“金融城之周”活动。
It is a real delight to be back at this annual gathering of the City Week.
今年恰逢“一带一路”倡议提出5周年，今天活动主题之一就是“一带一路倡议对中英关系发展的影响”，可谓恰逢其时。我想借此机会与在座各位分享一下我的看法。
This year, the City Week Forum focuses on “the Belt and Road Initiative as a vehicle for developing the China-UK relationship”. I think that in this fifth year of BRI, this topic is well chosen and very timely. Today, I would like to share with you how I see this Initiative as a vehicle for developing our very important bilateral relationship.
5年前，习近平主席提出了“一带一路”倡议。5年来，“一带一路”建设成就斐然，80多个国家和国际组织同中国签署了合作协议，100多个国家和国际组织积极支持和参与，联合国大会、联合国安理会等重要决议都纳入了“一带一路”内容。特别是去年5月，中国成功举办“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，来自130多个国家和70多个国际组织的嘉宾齐聚北京，共商“一带一路”合作大计，签署了270多项合作成果，掀起“一带一路”建设的新高潮。
Five years ago, President Xi proposed the Belt and Road Initiative. Five years on, this initiative has delivered fruitful results. Over 80 countries and international organizations have signed cooperation agreements with China. Over 100 countries and international organizations have voiced their support for this Initiative and become active partners. This Initiative has been written into important resolutions of the UN General Assembly and the Security Council. Another highlight is the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing last May. At the Forum, participants from more than 130 countries and over 70 international organizations gathered to share their ideas on the Belt and Road development. A total of over 270 cooperation agreements were signed.
人们不禁要问，为什么“一带一路”倡议能在短短5年内焕发出如此强大的生命力？在世界上得到如此广泛的支持和参与？它的吸引力是什么？我认为，原因有四：
You may wonder: Why has this Initiative shown such strength and grown so much in such a short time? Why is it getting such extensive support and broad participation from across the world? What has made it so popular? I believe there are four main reasons.
第一，这是一条“和平发展之路”。中国提出“一带一路”倡议，既是基于自身发展作出的战略抉择，也是在以实际行动推动经济全球化，造福世界各国人民。中国在“一带一路”中不打地缘博弈小算盘，不搞封闭排他小圈子，不做凌驾于人的强买强卖。中国希望各方秉持和遵循共商共建共享的原则，共同走上和平发展的道路。我想强调的是，“一带一路”是中国向世界提供的公共产品，我们欢迎大家来搭便车、搭快车。通过“一带一路”，中国向世界表明，中国自始至终是世界和平的建设者和国际秩序的维护者。
First, this is a road to peace and development. This Initiative is not only a strategic choice of China based on its own development. It is also China’s concrete action to advance globalization and deliver benefits to the people of the whole world. In this Initiative, China has no geopolitical calculations. China is not building an exclusive bloc. And China is not strong-arming anybody to do deals on our terms. The principles for Belt and Road cooperation are extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits among all partners. And the goal is peaceful development for all. I want to emphasize that the BRI is a public good that China offers to the world. It is a fast train to prosperity that is ready to take everybody along. It is a testament to China’s continued efforts to promote world peace and uphold the international order.
第二，这是一条“对外开放之路”。中国将坚持对外开放的基本国策，坚持打开国门搞建设。两周前，习近平主席在博鳌亚洲论坛上发表主旨演讲时庄严宣告，“中国开放的大门不会关闭，只会越开越大！”“一带一路”是中国在新时代扩大对外开放的重大举措，可以说，对外开放根植于“一带一路”的基因之中。下阶段，中国还将采取更多举措来扩大开放，放宽市场准入，创造更有吸引力的投资环境，加强知识产权保护，进一步扩大进口。迄今，中国已累计签署了16个自贸协定，涉及24个国家和地区。今年还将推进10个自贸协定谈判，启动10个自贸协定可行性研究。
Second, the BRI is a road to greater openness in China. Two weeks ago, in his keynote speech to the Annual Conference 2018 of the Bo’ao Forum for Asia, President Xi made a solemn statement. He said, “China’s door of opening-up will not be closed and will only open even wider!” China in the new era will remain committed to its fundamental national policy of opening up. We will pursue development with our doors wide open. And the Belt and Road Initiative is the important measure to achieve just that. BRI has opening-up in its genes. Going forward, China will significantly broaden market access, create a more attractive investment environment, strengthen protection of intellectual property rights, and take the initiative to expand imports. As of today, China has signed 16 free trade agreements (FTA) with 24 countries and regions. This year, we hope to secure progress in the negotiations on ten FTAs and launch feasibility studies on another ten.
第三，这是一条“合作共赢之路”。共建“一带一路”倡议源于中国，但机会和成果属于世界。“一带一路”始终遵循“市场运作、国际惯例”的原则，既致力于实现各国经济融合发展，也有利于推动经济全球化向着包容普惠方向发展，这是“一带一路”广受沿线国家欢迎的重要原因。2014年至2017年，中国同“一带一路”沿线国家贸易投资实现大发展，贸易总额超过4万亿美元，中国对沿线国家投资累计超过600亿美元。中国企业已在“一带一路”沿线国家建设了75个境外经贸合作区，累计投资270多亿美元，吸引入区企业近3500家，上缴东道国税费22亿美元，为当地创造近21万个就业岗位。中国国家开发银行、进出口银行在“一带一路”沿线国家发放贷款已超过1100亿美元，出口信用保险公司承保“一带一路”沿线国家出口和投资超过3200亿美元。未来，中国将继续通过“一带一路”建设，与沿线国家和地区深化合作，使各国人民共同受益。
Third, the BRI is a road to win-win cooperation. This Initiative was launched by China, but the opportunities it has to offer and the outcomes it has produced are going to benefit the whole world. BRI follows market rules and universally-accepted practice. It is dedicated to integrated development of all countries. And it will facilitate globalization in a more inclusive and universally beneficial way. These are the important reasons why BRI has been so popular with the partners along the routes. Here are some win-win results that are already harvested: From 2014 to 2017, there had been a trade and investment boom along the Belt and Road. Trade between China and countries along the routes exceeded $4 trillion. And Chinese investment in these countries topped $60 billion. Chinese companies have helped build 75 economic and trade cooperation zones along the routes. Nearly 3,500 companies have moved in. They have brought in a total investment of over $27 billion, paid $2.2 billion in tax and fees to host countries, and created 210 thousand jobs locally. Loans from China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China have exceeded 110 billion US dollars. And China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation has underwritten over 320 billion US dollars’ worth of export and investment projects along the routes. In the days to come, China will continue to deepen cooperation with countries and regions along the routes to make BRI work in the interest of the local people.
第四，这是一条“文明交流之路”。“一带一路”的伟大之处在于，它不仅能促进国家间经济合作，还能连接不同的文化与文明，促进交流、增进理解。“一带一路”传承和发扬古代丝路精神，蕴含着“和而不同”、“兼收并蓄”等东方智慧。在推进“一带一路”倡议过程中，多层次、宽领域的人文合作蓬勃发展，教育、科技、文化、卫生、旅游、体育等领域交流合作方兴未艾。截至2017年底，中国已与53个沿线国家建立734对友好城市关系，与超过20个沿线国家实现公民免签或落地签。在“一带一路”建设中，中国与沿线各国民众交流更加深入，相互了解与认识不断加强。“一带一路”有助于建设包容性社会，有利于共同构建人类命运共同体。
Fourth, the BRI is a road to closer exchanges between civilizations. What makes this Initiative great is not only the opportunities for economic cooperation but also the facilitation of exchanges and understanding between cultures and civilizations. The BRI carries on the ancient Silk Road spirit. It embodies the Oriental wisdom of inclusiveness and “harmony without uniformity”. This Initiative calls for cultural and people-to-people cooperation on multiple levels and in a wide range of areas. It encourages exchanges and cooperation in education, science and technology, culture, health, tourism and sports. As of the end of 2017, there were 734 pairs of sister cities between China and 53 countries along the routes. Moreover, mutual visa exemption or visa-on-arrival arrangements were agreed between China and 20 countries along the Belt and Road. When the Chinese people and people of countries along the routes come together to work on the Belt and Road, the exchanges between them and their mutual understanding will deepen. This is conducive to the building of an inclusive society and a community with a shared future for mankind.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and gentlemen,
2015年10月，习近平主席对英国进行国事访问，开启了中英关系“黄金时代”，双方领导人就拓展“一带一路”合作也达成重要共识。近年来，随着中英关系“黄金时代”不断深入发展，英国社会各界对“一带一路”倡议的了解与认知也在不断加强，形成了“黄金时代”与“一带一路”相互促进、共同发展的良好态势。
President Xi’s state visit to the UK in October 2015 ushered in the China-UK “Golden Era”. During the visit, the leaders of our two countries agreed to expand cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative. In recent years, as the China-UK “Golden Era” continues to make progress, people here in Britain have come to understand the Belt and Road Initiative better. The “Golden Era” and the BRI cooperation have become mutually reinforcing.
一方面，中英关系“黄金时代”为深化“一带一路”合作打下了坚实的基础。2017年底举行的第九次中英经济财金对话上，双方就宏观经济政策、“一带一路”等达成72项合作成果。双方都同意深化“一带一路”政府间交流与对话，充分发挥互补优势，在“一带一路”沿线开展第三方市场合作。今年初，梅首相成功访华，两国领导人就推进中英关系“黄金时代”、深化“一带一路”合作达成广泛共识。
On the one hand, the “Golden Era” has laid a solid foundation for deepening BRI cooperation. The ninth China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue held at the end of last year produced 72 cooperation agreements on macro-economic policies and BRI development. Our two governments agreed to deepen BRI exchanges and dialogue. We will complement each other with our comparative strengths. And we will work together to explore third markets along the routes. During Prime Minister May’s successful visit to China earlier this year, the leaders of our two countries reaffirmed their commitment to advancing the China-UK “Golden Era” and deepening BRI cooperation.
另一方面，“一带一路”合作也为中英关系“黄金时代”提供了丰富内涵。2017年，义乌—伦敦班列首次往返，实现中英贸易物流全陆地运输，标志着“一带一路”延伸到欧洲最西端。随着“一带一路”建设如火如荼地开展，更多中国企业将目光投向了英国。截至去年底，中国对英累计非金融类直接投资191.4亿美元，超过500家中国企业落户英伦。2017年, 中英双边货物贸易额接近800亿美元，中国从英国进口增长近20%。今年前2个月，英国对华出口同比上升28.8%，中国依然是英国增长最快的出口市场之一。
On the other hand, the Belt and Road cooperation has enriched the China-UK “Golden Era”. In 2017, the freight train of China Railway Express made its maiden round trip between China’s Yiwu and London. This opened a new, on-land option for the movement of goods between China and Britain. It also marked the extension of the “Belt and Road” to the western end of Europe. More Chinese companies have been drawn to Britain via the Belt and Road. As of the end of last year, non-financial direct investment from China totaled $19.14 billion. Over 500 Chinese companies had set up businesses in the UK. In 2017, bilateral trade reached nearly $80 billion, with British export to China up by nearly 20%. In the first two months of this year, British export to China maintained the strong momentum, increasing by 28.8% year-on-year, making China one of Britain’s fastest growing export markets.
未来15年，中国市场将进一步扩大，预计将进口24万亿美元商品，吸收2万亿美元境外直接投资，为世界各国企业进入中国大市场提供更多机遇。今年11月，中国将在上海举办首届中国国际进口博览会。这不是一般性的会展，而是中国推进“一带一路”建设、进一步开放市场的主动行动。我们诚挚欢迎英国各界朋友积极参加进口博览会，把你们的商品和服务带到中国，提升英国产品在中国、在世界的知名度。
In the coming 15 years, China will open up its market further. We plan to import $24 trillion of goods from the rest of the world and open up a two-trillion-dollar market to foreign investors. What is worth a special mention here is the first International Import Expo to be held in Shanghai this coming November. This is not just any trade fair. It represents China’s solid step to advance Belt and Road development and open up its market further. This will be a wonderful opportunity for British businesses to introduce British goods and services to China and build your brand names in the Chinese and world market.
展望未来，中英加强“一带一路”合作前景广阔，希望双方抓住机遇，共同推动“一带一路”合作再上新台阶。为此，我认为，双方要重点做以下三方面工作：
Looking forward, there is a promising prospect for China-UK cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative. I hope both sides will seize the opportunities and take our cooperation to a new stage. To this end, I would like to share with you three suggestions for China-UK cooperation on BRI.
一要坚持敢为人先，将金融服务合作培育成中英“一带一路”合作新的“增长点”。英国向来在金融合作中发挥着引领作用，英国是第一个申请加入亚洲基础设施投资银行的西方大国，也是继中国之后第二个向亚投行专门基金注资的国家。英国还率先共同核准并签署《“一带一路”融资指导原则》，带头设立了“一带一路”特使和专家理事会，宣布支持250亿英镑“一带一路”亚洲项目。英国渣打集团率先与中国国家开发银行签署100亿人民币“一带一路”项目授信贷款谅解备忘录，还将在2020 年底前为“一带一路”项目提供至少200 亿美元的融资支持。“一带一路”建设不仅需要投融资合作，还涉及大量配套金融服务，包括代理行关系、银团贷款、资金结算和清算等，中国正积极推进在“一带一路”沿线国家设立金融服务平台。中英可充分利用英国在融资、PPP、保险、绿色金融等领域的专业优势，加强金融领域合作，为“一带一路”建设提供金融服务保障。
First, we should make financial services a new “growth point”. This calls for a pioneering spirit, which the UK has plenty. The UK has been a world leader in carrying out financial cooperation with China under the Belt and Road Initiative. It is the first major Western country to apply to join the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). It is the second country only after China to contribute to an AIIB special fund. It is one of the first countries to approve and sign the Guiding Principles on Financing the Development of the Belt and Road. It is the first country to appoint a BRI special envoy and set up an Expert Board. It has pledged £25 billion in support of BRI projects in Asia. The British financial sector has also made much headway. Take for example Standard Chartered. It is the first to sign an MOU with the China Development Bank, pledging 10 billion RMB yuan to facilitate Belt and Road projects. It is expected to provide at least $20 billion in financing support for BRI projects by the end of 2020. Belt and Road development creates a huge demand for not only investment and financing but also services, such as agent banking relationships, syndicated loans, settlement and clearing. Therefore China is encouraging the establishment of financial services platforms in the countries along the routes. China-UK cooperation in the financial sector could bring out British expertise in financing, public-private-partnership, insurance and green finance. This will provide Belt and Road development with better financial services.
二要坚持互利共赢，不断打造中英“一带一路”合作的“支撑点”。近年来，中英“一带一路”合作动力强劲，不少项目已取得“早期收获”。中英合作旗舰项目—欣克利角C核电项目主体工程顺利开工，“华龙一号”通用设计审查进入第二阶段。中国总部基地集团投资17亿英镑的皇家阿尔伯特码头项目去年6月破土动工。首个中英地方合作园区—青岛中英创新产业园建设启动。这些都说明，中英“一带一路”合作优势互补、潜力巨大，只要坚持互利共赢，就能成为“天然合作伙伴”，就能打造更多合作项目，就能结出更多合作成果。
Second, we should establish a “firm anchor” for BRI cooperation with win-win projects. Recent years have seen vigorous progress and plenty of “early harvests”. The Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant has entered into construction phase, and Hualong One technology has moved to the second stage of the generic design assessment. The Royal Albert Dock project broke ground last June, with an investment of £1.7 billion from the ABP. And the first sub-national cooperation project, the China-UK Innovation Industrial Park in Qingdao, has been launched. All these successful projects bear witness to the complementarity and huge potential of China-UK cooperation on the Belt and Road. As long as we work together in a mutually beneficial way, we can live up to the name of “natural partners”, we can build more projects and we can produce more outcomes.
三要坚持反对保护主义，牢牢抓住“一带一路”开放包容“基本点”。开放包容是“一带一路”建设的精髓，推动“一带一路”跨越不同地域、不同发展阶段、不同文明，释放出强大活力和生命力。这与保护主义、“你赢我输”的“零和思维”形成鲜明对比。我想强调的是，保护主义从来解决不了问题。贸易战更是损人害己，中国坚决反对贸易战，但不怕贸易战。中国采取反制措施既是为了捍卫自身合法权益，也是为了维护全球共同利益，为了捍卫以规则为基础的国际贸易体系。英国一直是贸易自由化的践行者，也是多边贸易体系的坚定维护者。在当前形势下，中英两国更应秉持“一带一路”蕴涵的开放包容精神，旗帜鲜明地反对贸易保护主义，推进“一带一路”合作，共同为推动构建开放型世界经济做出新贡献。
Third, we should oppose protectionism and stay true to BRI’s “basic principles” of openness and inclusiveness. Being open and inclusive gives BRI its spirit. This is the reason for the strength and vitality of this Initiative regardless the differences between regions, civilizations or development stages. It is in sharp contrast to the protectionist rhetoric of “zero-sum game” or “you win I lose”. Here I want to emphasize that protectionism never solves any problem. There is no winner in a trade war. China firmly opposes a trade war, but China is not afraid of a trade war. When China took counter-measures against the US protectionist measures, we were safeguarding not only our own legitimate rights and interests but also the interests of the world. In doing so, we are defending the rules-based international trade regime. The UK has always been a free trading nation and firm defender of the multi-lateral trading system. Under the current circumstances, it is all the more important that China and the UK stay true to open and inclusive principles advocated by BRI and voice our clear opposition to protectionism. By enhancing our cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative, we can make new contribution to building an open world economy.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and gentlemen,
“沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春”。三周前，英国不少地方大雪纷飞，人们不得不将复活节当作圣诞节来过。今天，英国终于迎来了阳光灿烂、万物生长的春天。可见无论多大的风雪，也阻挡不住春天的脚步；正如无论多强的保护主义寒风，也阻挡不住时代前进的步伐。我衷心希望，中英双方能牢牢把握住时代发展的潮流，抓住“一带一路”的历史性机遇，共同抵御贸易保护主义的寒风，坚持开放共赢，勇于变革创新，携手开创“黄金时代”更加美好的春天，一道收获更加丰硕的“黄金成果”！
There is an ancient Chinese poem that I would like to share with you: By the shipwreck a thousand boats sail ahead, the forest turns green beyond the old trunk dead. Three weeks ago, a large part of Britain was under heavy snow. Easter was celebrated in Christmas weather. Now, spring has come. It is the season of warmer sunshine. It is the time for everything to come back to life and grow. As heavy snow cannot hold back spring, the chill winds of protectionism cannot reverse the trend of the times. I sincerely hope that China and the UK will go along with the trend of the times, and seize the historic opportunity of the Belt and Road Initiative. I hope our two countries could engage in open and win-win cooperation, and courageously embrace reform and innovation. If we stand up together, we can brave the chill winds of protectionism, and we will usher in a more beautiful spring for the China-UK “Golden Era”, and harvest more abundant “golden fruits”!
最后，预祝本次金融城之周活动圆满成功！
In conclusion, I wish the City Week a great success!
谢谢大家。
Thank you!