Key Principles Drive Sound Development of China-Tanzania and China-Africa Relations
关键理念推动中坦、中非关系健康发展
Ambassador Chen Mingjian
驻坦桑尼亚大使陈明健
27 March 2023
2023年3月27日
In March 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping came to Africa during his first overseas trip after assuming presidency, and Tanzania was his first stop in Africa. During that visit, President Xi was warmly welcomed and received by his Tanzanian counterpart Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete and the hospitable Tanzanian people. At the Julius Nyerere International Convention Center, a grand building constructed with Chinese assistance, President Xi delivered a keynote speech titled “Be Trustworthy Friends and Sincere Partners Forever.” In that speech, he reviewed and summarized the glorious history and valuable experience of China-Africa relations with deep feeling, and on that basis, he proposed the principles of sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith, and of pursuing the greater good and shared interests.
2013年3月，中国国家主席习近平就任后首次出访就来到了非洲，并将坦桑尼亚作为其访非的首站。访问期间，习近平主席受到了时任总统基奎特及坦政府和人民的隆重欢迎和热情接待。在由中方援建的尼雷尔国际会议中心，习近平主席发表了题为《永远做可靠朋友和真诚伙伴》的著名演讲，深情回顾和总结了中非交往的光辉历史和宝贵经验，并在此基础上首次提出真实亲诚理念和正确义利观。
Firstly, the principles of sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith, and of pursuing the greater good and shared interests represent the glorious tradition and the current characteristics of China’s diplomacy, and they are important part of the Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy.
首先，真实亲诚理念和正确义利观代表着中国外交的优良传统和时代风貌，是习近平外交思想的重要组成部分。
Strengthening solidarity and cooperation with African countries has always been a cornerstone and a strategic choice of China’s diplomacy. After taking office, President Xi Jinping has thought deeply of the question ‘how to carry on China-Africa friendship, promote the development of China-Africa relations, and advance China-Africa cooperation in the new era’. During his visit to Tanzania, he gave a resounding answer – uphold the principles of sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith, and of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, and jointly realize the ‘Chinese dream’ of national rejuvenation and the ‘African dream’ of unity and development.
加强同非洲国家的团结合作始终是中国外交的重要基石和战略选择。习近平主席就任后，对“新时代中非友谊如何传承、中非关系如何发展、中非合作如何推进”进行了深入思考，并在访问坦桑尼亚期间做出了掷地有声的回答，那就是坚持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观，共同实现中华民族伟大复兴的“中国梦”和联合自强、发展振兴的“非洲梦”。
The essence of these principles is to adhere to the fine traditions of true friendship, pragmatic cooperation, close bond of friendship, and being frank and honest to each other. We uphold a sense of righteousness and make it a priority in our cooperation with Africa. We support Africa’s development with our own development, and ultimately achieve mutual benefit and common development. This concept summarizes the characteristics of China’s policies towards Africa, meets the needs of strengthening unity and cooperation between China and Africa in the new era, reflects China’s clear positioning as one of the developing countries, and demonstrates China’s solemn commitment to being a sincere friend and close partner of African countries. It has been widely commended by the African countries and the international community.
真实亲诚理念和正确义利观的核心要义，即是要坚持中非之间真情实谊、务实合作、亲近友好、坦诚相待的优良传统，坚持在对非合作中弘义融利、以义为先，坚持用中国发展助力非洲发展，最终实现互利共赢、共同发展。这一理念高度概括了中国对非政策的特征，顺应了新时代中非加强团结协作的时代需要，体现了中国对自己是发展中国家一员的清晰定位，展现了中国永远做非洲国家真诚朋友和亲密伙伴的庄严承诺，得到了非洲国家及国际社会的广泛赞誉和积极响应。
In the past 10 years, the meaning of these principles has been continuously enriched, its status enhanced, and its advanced nature demonstrated. These principles, initiated in Africa, have become the basic policy guiding China’s solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, making China-Africa relationship a model in China’s relations with developing countries. These principles have also set a benchmark for international cooperation with Africa and made important contributions to promoting greater input in Africa by the international community and the establishment of a more equal and mutually beneficial partnership between Africa and other countries.
10年来，这一理念的内涵不断丰富、地位不断提升、先进性不断彰显。在这一理念基础上，习近平主席先后提出了中非友好合作精神、构建新时代中非命运共同体等新论述新理念，全面阐释了中非关系发展的力量源泉、战略目标和实现途径。这一首倡于非洲的理念已成为指导中国同发展中国家团结合作的基本政策理念，中非关系在中国同发展中国家关系的代表性得以深度体现。这一理念还树立了国际对非合作的时代标杆，为推动国际社会加大对非投入、同非洲建立更加平等互利的伙伴关系做出重要贡献。
Secondly, the principles of sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith, and of pursuing the greater good and shared interests are the common spirit and values of China and Africa, leading to continuous achievements in China-Africa cooperation.
其次，真实亲诚理念和正确义利观是中非共同的精神指向和价值追求，指导着中非合作不断取得新的成果。
Over the past decade, under the guidance of these principles, Chinese and African leaders have jointly promoted the China-Africa cooperation, and achieved leap-forward development with a series of important progress. China-Africa relations have entered a new era of building a high-level China-Africa community with a shared future.
真实亲诚理念和正确义利观从中非关系历史中来，又回到中非合作实践中去。10年来，中非领导人共同践行这一理念，推动中非关系实现跨越式发展，取得系列重要成就，进入构建高水平中非命运共同体的新时代。
President Xi Jinping attaches great importance to China-Africa relations. Over the past decade, he has visited Africa four times, traveling across the eastern, western, southern, and central regions of the continent. President Xi attended the opening ceremony of two summits and one ministerial conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and met with more than 50 African leaders during the FOCAC Beijing Summit in 2018 one by one. Through frequent communications and sincere dialogues, President Xi has established deep friendship and trust with African leaders, leading China-Africa relations on a steady and far-reaching path.
习近平主席高度重视对非关系。10年来，习近平主席4次访非，足迹遍布非洲东西南北中。习近平主席出席了中非合作论坛的两次峰会和一次部长级会议开幕式，并在2018年北京峰会期间同与会的50余位非洲国家领导人逐一会面。通过高频交往和真诚对话，习近平主席同非洲领导人建立深厚的友谊和信任，以元首外交引领中非关系行稳致远。
This year also marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Over the past 10 years, the China-Africa cooperation and the BRI have achieved fruitful results. In 2022, the trade volume between China and Africa reached 282 billion U.S. dollars, up by 11.1% year-on-year, and China has been Africa’s largest trading partner for 14 consecutive years. At present, Chinese enterprises have made cumulative direct investments of nearly 50 billion U.S. dollars in Africa, more than three times that of the end of 2012. Up to now, 52 African countries and the African Union Commission have signed the Belt and Road cooperation documents with China, and cooperation projects in such fields as roads, electricity, telecommunications, and ports are spread all over Africa.
今年是“一带一路”倡议提出10周年。10年来，中非合作与共建“一带一路”同频共振，结出累累硕果。2022年中非贸易额达到2820亿美元，同比增长11.1%，中国连续14年成为非洲第一大贸易伙伴国。目前中国企业累计对非直接投资近500亿美元，是2012年底的3倍以上。截至目前，52个非洲国家和非盟委员会同中方签署“一带一路”合作文件，公路、电力、通信、港口等合作项目遍布非洲。中非合作为促进非洲经济社会发展、解决非洲可持续发展面临的瓶颈发挥了重要作用，成为了南南合作的典范。
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10年来，中非在文化、教育、卫生、媒体、智库、青年、妇女等方面合作日益扩大，有力支持了非洲民生改善，促进了民心相通，厚植了中非友好合作的社会基础。值得一提的是，今年是中国援外医疗队派遣60周年。60年前，中国第一支援外医疗队就是派向了非洲。现在，中国医疗队的足迹遍及广袤非洲大地，医疗队员以精湛医术、辛勤工作、救死扶伤的大爱精神赢得了非洲民众的尊敬与信任。
These 10 years have also been a decade for China and Africa to practice true multilateralism, and jointly uphold international fairness and justice. In the face of increasing global security and development challenges, hegemonism, unilateralism, and protectionism, China and Africa have upheld the spirit of solidarity and cooperation, helped each other, and firmly supported each other on issues involving core interests and major concerns of either side. They have jointly safeguarded the common interests of developing nations, and promoted fairer and more equitable global governance. China was the first to support the African Union’s accession into the Group of Twenty, and supports African countries in increasing their say and representation on the international stage.
这10年还是中非践行真正的多边主义、共同捍卫国际公平正义的10年。面对全球安全和发展挑战不断增多，霸权主义、单边主义、保护主义不断抬头，中非秉持团结协作、守望相助的精神，坚定在涉及核心利益和重大关切问题上相互支持，共同维护发展中国家的共同利益，推动全球治理朝着更公正合理的方向发展。中国率先支持非盟加入二十国集团，支持非洲国家中享有更大代表性和发
Thirdly, the principles of sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith, and of pursuing the greater good and shared interests are reflected in all aspects of China-Tanzania cooperation, giving impetus to the development of bilateral relations.
第三，真实亲诚理念和正确义利观体现在中坦合作的方方面面，推动着中坦关系走向更加美好的未来。
Tanzania is an important country in Africa and plays an important role in China’s relations with Africa. Ten years ago, Tanzania was the first African country visited by President Xi Jinping after he took office. In November last year, Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu Hassan visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping, becoming the first African head of state received by China after the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. This fully reflects the exemplary role of China-Tanzania relations in China-Africa relations and South-South cooperation.
坦桑尼亚是非洲的重要国家，在中国对非关系中占有重要地位。10年前，坦桑尼亚是习近平主席就任后访问的首个非洲国家，也是真实亲诚理念和正确义利观的首倡之地；2022年11月，哈桑总统应习近平主席邀请成功访华，成为中方在中共二十大后接待的首位非洲国家元首。这充分体现了中坦关系在中非关系乃至南南合作中的示范性。
Ten years ago, during his visit, President Xi Jinping and President Jakaya Kikwete jointly announced the establishment of a comprehensive partnership of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation between China and Tanzania. Last year, President Xi Jinping and President Samia Suluhu Hassan agreed to upgrade the bilateral relationship to a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. China-Tanzania relations have achieved a great leap forward, with continuous expansion of cooperation areas, enhanced communication levels, and broader prospects.
10年前，习近平主席在访坦期间，同时任总统基奎特共同宣布构建互利共赢的中坦全面合作伙伴关系；去年，习近平主席同访华的哈桑总统一致同意将两国关系定位提升为全面战略合作伙伴关系。中坦关系实现了质的飞跃，合作领域不断扩大、层次不断提升、前景更为广阔。
Despite the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and weak global economic recovery, China-Tanzania pragmatic cooperation has maintained growth momentum over the past decade. China has remained Tanzania’s largest trading partner and largest source of foreign investment for many years. In 2022, the trade volume between China and Tanzania increased by 23.7% year-on-year, reaching 8.31 billion U.S. dollars, which was 3.5 times that of 2012. A batch of featured Tanzanian agricultural produce such as soybeans, avocado have been exported to China. The state-of-the-art Library of the University of Dar es Salaam, the Office Building of Tanzania’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and East African Cooperation in Dar es Salaam, the new building of the National Defence College, and the Kagera Vocational Training and Service Centre, built with Chinese assistance, have all been completed and put into use. These buildings have become the new landmarks of China-Tanzania cooperation. Major projects undertaken by the Chinese companies, such as the construction of the fifth and sixth sections of the Standard Gauge Railway, the Julius Nyerere Hydropower Station, the Dar es Salaam port expansion, and the national ICT backbone network of Tanzania have progressed steadily. Chinese-invested projects, such as the Jiangsu-Shinyanga Agricultural Industrial Park and Maweni Limestone Ltd., have successively started operation, injecting new impetus into Tanzania’s industrialization drive.
10年来，尽管受到新冠疫情和世界经济复苏乏力等因素影响，中坦务实合作始终保持上升势头。中方已连续多年保持坦第一大贸易伙伴国、第一大外资来源国地位。2022年中坦双边贸易额同比增长23.7%，达到83.1亿美元，是2012年的3.5倍。大豆等一批坦特色农产品实现输华。2022年底中国对坦直接投资存量是2012年的2.5倍。中方援建的达累斯萨拉姆大学图书馆、外交部大楼、国防学院2期、卡盖拉职业技术学校相继竣工并投入使用，成为中坦合作新的标志性项目。中资企业承建的中央标轨铁路第五、第六标段、尼雷尔水电站、达港改扩建、国家ICT骨干网等重大项目稳步推进，为坦改善基础设施条件发挥重要作用。马文尼水泥厂、新阳嘎农工贸产业园等投资项目陆续投产，为坦加快工业化发展提供助力。
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在真实亲诚理念和正确义利观的感召下，越来越多的人士带着真挚情谊投身中非、中坦友好事业。中国驻坦使馆有名年轻的斯瓦希里语干部，2013年他是达累斯萨拉姆大学一名中国留学生，有幸到尼雷尔国际会议中心亲耳聆听了习近平主席的演讲。他告诉我，虽然当时他还不能完全领会真实亲诚理念的深刻内涵，但习近平主席演讲时的真挚情感、描绘的中非关系美好蓝图以及现场观众的热烈反响，都深深震撼了他的心灵，开启了他投身中非友好事业的心门。带着这份信念，他最终如愿成为了一名中国外交官，并被派驻到中国驻坦使馆工作。我想，他是中坦友好在青年一代的缩影，还有许多像他一样的年轻人怀揣赤子之心、珍视中坦关系，我坚信中坦友好必将薪火相传、历久弥坚。
No matter how the international situation changes and no matter how far China advances, China will firmly uphold the principles of sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith, and of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, advocate and implement the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, and Global Civilization Initiative. China will remain committed to enhancing solidarity and cooperation with African countries, and continue to promote mutual learning, win-win cooperation and common development with Africa, aiming at building a high-level China-Africa community with a shared future. I believe that under the guidance of the principles of sincerity, real results, amity, and good faith, and of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, China-Tanzania and China-Africa relations will have a bright future and bring greater benefits to the people on both sides.
无论国际形势如何变化，无论中国发展到什么程度，中方都将坚定不移地秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观，倡导践行全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议和全球文明倡议，同非洲国家矢志不渝加强团结合作，在平等互鉴、合作共赢、共同发展的道路上结伴前行，携手构建高水平中非命运共同体。相信在真实亲诚理念和正确义利观引领下，中非、中坦关系必将前程似锦，更好造福双方人民。