戴兵大使在安理会“非洲气候与安全”辩论会上的发言
Remarks by Ambassador Dai Bing at the UN Security Council Debate on Climate and Security in Africa
2022年10月12日
12 October 2022
主席先生：
Mr. President,
中方热烈祝贺加蓬上个月成功举办非洲气候周系列活动。作为世界上少数碳吸收大于碳排放的国家，加蓬保护自然环境、应对气候变化取得积极进展，值得各方学习和借鉴。我欢迎穆萨外长主持今天的会议，也感谢波比助理秘书长、加胡马先生和优素福主任所作通报。
China congratulated Gabon on the success of the African climate week last month. As one of the a few countries in the world where carbon sequestration exceeds carbon emission, Gabon has made positive progress in protecting the natural environment and addressing climate change, providing experience and practices for parties to draw upon. I welcome Foreign Minister Moussa-Adamo presiding over today’s meeting. And I thank Assistant Secretary-General Pobee, Mr. Gahouma, and Director Youssef for their briefings.
非洲是遭受气候变化影响最大、应对气候变化能力最薄弱的地区之一。非洲温室气体排放量占全球比重不到4%，但气候变暖程度却超过全球平均水平。频繁出现的极端天气、气象灾害严重影响非洲生态环境，拖累经济社会发展，并引发人们对气候变化与安全之间关系的思考。
As one of the regions most affected by climate change, Africa is also where the weakest capacity to address the impact of climate change is found. Africa’s share of global GHG emissions is less than 4%, and yet the temperature rise on the continent is faster than the global average. The frequent occurrence of extreme weather events and meteorological hazards have seriously affected Africa’s ecological environment, and hampered the socioeconomic development, sparking the thought-provoking question: what is the relationship between climate change and security?
气候变化可能加剧资源短缺和紧张关系，但并不必然导致武装冲突。今年夏天，欧洲和非洲部分地区都经历了极端高温天气，但实际后果却有很大不同，主要原因在于两个地区应对气候变化的能力有巨大差异。这启发我们，抵御气候冲击的能力至为关键，阻断气候变化向安全风险传导，必须对症下药，重点是帮助非洲加强能力建设，增强气候韧性，加快推进2030年可持续发展议程。对此，我想谈以下四点看法。
Climate change may increase resource scarcity and exacerbate tensions, but it does not necessarily lead to armed conflict. This summer, both Europe and parts of Africa experienced spells of extreme heat. But the aftermaths were very much different, primarily due to the huge difference in the two regions’ ability to cope with climate change. This tells us that the ability to withstand climate shocks is crucial. To stop climate change from becoming a security threat, we must take targeted and calibrated response, focusing on helping Africa strengthen capacity-building, bolster climate resilience, and accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. In this connection, I would like to make the following four points.
第一，要采取务实行动帮助非洲提升应对能力。根据世界气象组织数据，只有40%的非洲人口能够及时获得灾害预警信息。国际社会要真正行动起来，从监测预警、灾害预防、防灾减灾等具体问题入手，加大对非洲的支持和投入，切实提升非洲应对能力。中方支持古特雷斯秘书长发起的全民早期预警系统，支持联合国同非盟和次区域组织加强气候行动协调，在提升非洲气候韧性方面取得更大进展。
First, pragmatic actions should be taken to help Africa improve its response capacity. According to WMO’s statistics, only 40% of the African population have timely access to disaster early warning information. The international community should take concrete action by working on specific issues such as monitoring and early warning, disaster preparedness, as well as prevention and mitigation, to increase support and investment in Africa in order to help enhance its response capacity. China supports Secretary-General Guterres’ Early Warnings for All Initiative, and supports the UN in strengthening coordination with the AU and sub-regional organizations on climate actions to make greater progress in building greater climate resilience on the continent.
第二，发达国家要尽快落实对非气候融资承诺。帮助非洲应对气候变化不在于口号喊得多么响亮，而要看承诺有没有兑现，非洲的需求有没有得到回应。发达国家承诺每年向发展中国家提供1000亿美元气候融资，欧洲发达国家承诺到2025年对非洲较贫穷国家的气候项目财政支持增加一倍。这些不能成为空头支票，必须尽快补齐历史欠账，并制定新的集体量化资金目标，让非洲国家拿到真金白银，见到实效。国际金融机构和气候融资平台也要降低融资门槛，保障气候资金对非洲公平可及。
Second, developed countries should honor their climate financing commitments to Africa as soon as possible. Helping Africa cope with climate change is not about how loudly one chants slogans, but rather it is about the commitments being fulfilled. It is about whether Africa’s needs are being met. Developed countries have pledged to provide 100 billion annual climate financing to developing countries. European countries have also pledged to double financing support to climate projects in poverty-stricken African countries by 2025. These pledges cannot and must not be just lip service. Historical arrears must be made up as soon as possible. A new collective quantitative goal should be defined, so that African countries can receive actual funds needed to carry out work that produces tangible results. The international financial institutions and climate finance platforms should also lower financing threshold to ensure that the climate finance is accessible to Africa in a fair way.
第三，在气候问题上要体现国际公平正义。非洲许多国家仍处在工业化初期，面临经济社会发展与应对气候变化的双重任务，而发达国家早已实现工业化。要求非洲及其他发展中国家承担同发达国家相同的气候责任，有违国际公平正义。为实现《巴黎协定》设置的温控目标，发达国家应率先大幅减排，将实现碳中和的时间大幅提前，为非洲和其他发展中国家腾挪发展空间。部分发达国家在气候变化问题上的立场动摇倒退令人担忧。
Third, on climate issues, there is a need for international equity and justice. Many countries in Africa are still at the early stage of industrialization. They face the dual task of socioeconomic development and climate change response. Developed countries, on the other hand, have already achieved industrialization. Asking Africa and other developing countries to assume the same climate responsibilities as developed countries goes against international equity and justice. To meet the temperature control target set by the Paris Agreement, developed countries should take the lead in drastically reducing emissions and significantly moving up the date to achieve carbon neutrality, so as to provide development space for Africa and other developing countries. Lately, when it comes to climate change issues, the vacillation and retrogression on the part of some developed countries is a cause for concern.
第四，要支持非洲推进绿色可持续发展。非洲国家已经意识到，应对气候变化只能通过可持续发展来实现，并积极采取行动。非盟和非洲国家制定了清晰的能源转型目标，努力构建低碳、经济适用的清洁能源体系。国际社会应当加大对非资金、技术、人才等全方位支持，助力非洲释放绿色发展潜力，实现绿色低碳转型。
Fourth, Africa should be supported in their green and sustainable development efforts. There is the recognition among African countries that the climate change response is only possible through sustainable development, and they have taken active steps in this regard. The AU and African countries have formulated clear goals for energy transition, striving to build a low carbon, affordable, and clean energy system. The international community should increase its support to Africa in a comprehensive way, inter alia, in relation to financial, technological, and human resources, to help Africa unleash its green development potential, and achieve its green and low carbon transformation.
主席先生，
Mr. President,
下个月，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第27次缔约方大会将在埃及沙姆沙伊赫举行。这既是一次在非洲国家举办的应对气变国际盛会，也是国际社会重申对非气候承诺的重要契机。中方全力支持埃及和非洲办好这次大会，期待会议在减缓、适应、资金等方面取得积极平衡成果。
Next month, the UNFCCC COP27 will be held in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt. This is a premier international climate forum in an African country, as well as an important opportunity for the international community to reaffirm its climate commitments to Africa. China gives its full support for Egypt and Africa in hosting this conference, and looks forward to a positive and balanced outcome of the conference on mitigation, adaptation and finance.
主席先生，
（无英文）
去年底，中非合作论坛第八届部长级会议通过《中非应对气候变化合作宣言》，提出建立新时代中非应对气候变化战略合作伙伴关系，并将绿色发展工程列入《中非合作2035年愿景》首个三年规划。中方上个月举办“全球发展倡议之友小组”部长级会议，提出推进“全球清洁能源合作伙伴关系”，首批项目包括在19个非洲国家开展气候变化和绿色发展合作。支持非洲应对气候变化，中国一以贯之、从不缺席。
In the end of last year, the eighth ministerial conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation adopted the declaration on cooperation on combating climate change, proposing the establishment of a China-Africa strategic partnership in a new era to address the impact of climate change. The conference also saw the inclusion of the green development project in the initial three-year plan in the China-Africa cooperation vision 2035. Last month, China organized the ministerial meeting of the Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative, where a proposal was made to promote the global clean energy cooperation partnership. Among the first projects is the cooperation on climate change response and green development in 19 African countries. China’s support to Africa in combating and tackling climate change has been consistent and ever-present.
谢谢主席先生。
Thank you, Mr. President.