双语:商务部部长钟山就“推动形成全面开放新格局 推动商务事业高质量发展”答记者问(下)
发布时间:2018年04月04日
发布人:nanyuzi  

中国国际电视台CGTN记者:我的问题是关于中国吸收外资的。2017年,中国吸收外资创了一个历史新高,但同时我们也听到在国际上有这样的一些声音,说中国的开放还不足,对外资限制还是比较多。听到这样的声音,我不知道您怎么回应,下一步对于吸收外资,商务部有什么样的一些举措和打算?谢谢您。

 

CGTN: My question is on China’s assimilation of FDI. China’s assimilation of FDI in 2017 hit a record high, but we can also hear some voice like China’s opening-up is not enough and there are still many restriction on foreign capital. How do you respond to those voices and what measures and plans will MOFCOM take to attract FDI? Thank you.

 

钟山:谢谢你的提问。我们也注意到,一些外资企业对中国的投资环境有抱怨,也有一些新的诉求。外资企业有抱怨,说明了他们还是关注中国的发展、对中国的市场有信心,如果连抱怨都没有了,那他们就没有信心了。我们会非常认真听取他们的意见,倾听他们的声音。事实上,中国在不断地扩大对外开放,不断地放宽市场准入,更加重视保护知识产权。据世行报告,中国的营商便利化程度在过去的五年当中上升了18位,去年我国吸收外资1363亿美元,居世界第二位,再创历史新高。这说明中国的营商环境不是变差了,而是更好了,中国仍然是外商投资的热土。

 

Zhong Shan: Thank you for your question. We have noticed some foreign-funded enterprises’ complaint about Chinese investment environment and their appeals, which shows that those companies’ concerns over China’s development and their confidence in Chinese market. If there are no complains, they will not be confident any more. We will genuinely listen to their advice and value their voice. Actually, China is constantly expanding its opening up. We have made continuous efforts to ease the market access and pay attention to the IPR protection. According to the report by the World Bank, China’s degree of business facilitation has risen up 18 places in the past five years. China’s assimilation of FDI last year registered US$136.3 billion, ranking the 2nd in the world and hitting a record high. That has shown that Chinese business environment is getting better and that China is still the hotspot of foreign investment.

 

习近平总书记多次强调,中国开放的大门不会关闭,只会越开越大。中国利用外资坚持三个“不会变”。下一步,我们将重点抓好五项工作:一是深化管理体制改革,提升投资便利化水平,全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度。同时,加快外资基础性法律立法进程。二是扩大市场准入,落实好中央已经确定的开放举措,履行金融对外开放承诺,全面放开一般制造业,扩大电信、医疗、教育、养老、新能源汽车等领域的开放。三是构筑开放平台。提升各类开发区发展水平,赋予自由贸易试验区更大改革自主权,探索建设自由贸易港,打造改革开放新高地。四是优化开放布局。加大西部开放力度,畅通开放通道,推动形成新的开放增长极,把西部从开放的末端变成开放的前沿。提升东部开放水平,推动中部开放发展。五是完善投资环境。对内外资企业一视同仁、平等对待,加大知识产权保护力度,保护外商的合法权益,营造亲商安商富商的良好环境。谢谢!

 

General-secretary Xi Jinping has stressed more than once that China’s open door will get wider and wider. Next, we will focus on the work in five aspects: 1. deepening management system reform and improving investment facilitation level. The model of pre-access national treatment with a negative list will be carried out. Meanwhile, efforts will be made to accelerate the legislation procession for the basic laws of foreign capital. 2. Work will be done to ease market access, carry out moves made by the central committee, further open up the financial area, fully open up ordinary manufacturing and expand opening in telecommunications, medical care, education, elderly care and new energy auto sectors.3. Build an opening-up platform. Efforts will be made to upgrade the development levels of various economic and development zones, give the free trade pilot zones more decision-making power, explore to build free trade ports and create new highlands for reform and opening up. 4. Optimize the layout of opening-up. Further open up west China to smooth the transport, promote to develop new growth pole and develop west China from an end into the frontier of opening up. Upgrade the opening-up of east China and push central China to open up.5. Improve the investment environment. We will treat enterprises at home and abroad fairly, cement the IPR protection, safeguard the legitimate rights of foreign investors and create sound business environment. Thank you.

 

日本经济新闻记者:我想提的是关于“一带一路”的问题。目前,日本经济界都关注“一带一路”倡议,虽然有些人对“一带一路”的透明度表示质疑,但最近有一段时间更多的声音表示希望参与到“一带一路”的项目中,您对此有哪些看法?中日在“一带一路”项目当中能够进行哪些合作?谢谢。

 

Nihon Keizai Shimbun: My question is on the Belt and Road. At present, the Japanese business circle is concerned about the Belt and Road initiative. Although some people doubted the transparency of the Belt and Road, more voices have shown their willingness to join the Belt and Road projects recently. What’s your comment? What cooperation could China and Japan have in the Belt and Road projects? Thank you.

 

钟山:谢谢你的提问。我先给你介绍一下“一带一路”建设的情况。“一带一路”是习近平主席提出的重大合作倡议,是促进世界各国合作共赢的中国方案。这个倡议已经得到140多个国家和地区的积极响应和参与。倡议提出以来,我们坚持共商共建共享原则。“一带一路”经贸合作也取得了丰硕的成果,主要有以下几个方面:

 

Zhong Shan: Thank you for your question. I’d like to introduce you the construction of the Belt and Road initiative at first. The Belt and Road initiative is a major cooperation initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping, and it’s a China plan aiming to promote win-win cooperation across the world, which has been actively responded and participated by more than 140 countries and regions. We have sticken to the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits since the initiative was proposed. Fruitful achievements have been made on the “Belt and Road” trade and economic cooperation in aspects as follows:

 

一是贸易规模不断扩大。2017年,中国与“一带一路”相关国家进出口总额1.1万亿美元,增长了14.8%,高于全国外贸总体增速3.4个百分点。同时,相关国家和地区贸易便利化水平不断提高。二是投资领域不断拓宽。中国对相关国家累计直接投资已经超过了600亿美元,涉及农业、制造业、基础设施等诸多领域。三是重大项目扎实推进。一批铁路、公路、港口等基础设施相继建成,一批能源、资源合作项目顺利推进,一批制造业项目竣工投产。中国在“一带一路”相关国家已经建设了75个境外经贸合作区,累计投资270多亿美元。

 

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下一步,商务部将按照习近平主席提出的建设和平之路、繁荣之路、开放之路、创新之路、文明之路的要求,深入推进“一带一路”国际合作。下一步,重点做好以下几个方面的工作。

 

(There is no English translation here!)

 

第一,打造国际合作新平台。主要是要办好首届中国国际进口博览会,发挥好自贸试验区、各类开发区、合作区等开放平台作用。第二,打造“丝路明珠”。我们要以重大投资合作项目、援外工程为重点,打造一批综合效益好、带动作用大,各方面都受欢迎的示范项目,形成在“一带一路”合作中一颗一颗闪亮的“丝路明珠”。第三,发展“丝路电商”。鼓励企业在沿线开展电子商务,开展大数据、云计算、人工智能等服务,帮助“一带一路”相关的国家发展数字经济,融入经济全球化。第四,推进贸易投资自由化便利化。推动贸易便利化协定,深化沿线大通关合作,积极与有意愿的国家和地区商签自贸协定。第五,落实重大援外举措。重点落实习近平主席对外宣布的援助举措,实施好“幸福家园”、“爱心助困”、“康复助医”等项目。

 

1.Create new platform for international cooperation. Efforts will be made to hold the 1st China International Import Expo and play the role of opening-up platforms such as pilot free trade zones, the economic and technological development zones and cooperation zones. 2. Make a pearl of the silk road. We will focus on major investment and cooperation projects and foreign aid projects to make exemplary projects with good performance and good effect and make shining peals on the silk road along the “Belt and Road.” 3. Develop E-commerce along the Belt and Road route. We will encourage enterprises to conduct e-commerce, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence service and help the countries along the Belt and Road route develop digital economy and integrate into economic globalization. 4.Promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. Efforts will be made to promote trade agreements, deepen cooperation in Customs clearance and negotiate on the signing of FTA with countries and regions with the same intention. 5. Implement major moves on foreign assistance. Efforts will be made to implement foreign assistance moves announced by President Xi Jinping.

 

“一带一路”是开放包容的,也是透明的。日本对“一带一路”合作的相关议题也一直很关注。最近,我也会与日本经产大臣世耕弘成先生和日中投资促进机构会长丰田章一郎先生会面。中国欢迎日本参与“一带一路”合作,我们也希望与日本一道在“一带一路”框架下进一步合作。谢谢!

 

The Belt and Road initiative is open and inclusive, and it’s also transparent. Japan has been keen on topics concerning the Belt and Road cooperation. Recently, I’ll meet with Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Hiroshige Seko and President of China-Japan Investment Promotion Agency Shoichiro Toyoda. China welcomes Japan to engage in the Belt and Road cooperation and we also expect to have further cooperation with Japan under the framework of the Belt and Road initiative. Thank you!

 

经济日报中国经济网记者:我们注意到去年中国的对外投资有所下降,我们想问部长,您对对外投资未来的发展趋势有什么看法,下一步商务部在对外投资方面会有哪些措施?谢谢。

 

Economic Daily: We have noticed that China’s outward investment last year decreased, so what’s your view at China’s outward investment in the future? What measures will MOFCOM have in this respect? Thank you.

 

钟山:谢谢。去年我国对外投资出现了下降,主要是非理性对外投资得到了有效遏制。我们通过“降虚火”、“挤水分”,使得企业对外投资更加稳健、更趋理性。总的来看,中国对外投资是好的,与现阶段我国发展水平和发展要求是相适应的,是符合经济发展规律的,也是受到东道国普遍欢迎的。我认为有以下几个特点:

 

Zhong Shan: China’s outward investment decreased last year, and it’s mainly because that non-rational investment was effectively avoided. We have taken measures to make the outward investment more stable and rational. Generally speaking, China’s outward investment is good, it adapts to China’s development level and needs at present. It accords with the rules of economic development and is universally popular. I think the characteristics are as follows:

 

第一,对外投资规模不断扩大。中国对外投资从小到大,现在已经成为世界投资大国。2017年我国对外直接投资1246亿美元,位居世界前列。第二,对外投资结构不断优化。从投资领域看,从劳动密集型产业为主,转为与技术资本密集型产业并重;从投资主体看,从中小企业为主,转为与大企业并重;从投资区域看,从发展中国家为主,转为与发达国家并重。第三,对东道国贡献不断增强。中国投资推动了东道国工业化进程,增加了东道国财政收入,促进了东道国经济发展和民生改善。2017年,中资企业上缴东道国税费超过300亿美元,为当地创造就业岗位135万个。

 

Firstly, the scale of outward investment is expanding. China has grown into a large investment source. China’s outward FDI in 2017 registered US$124.6 billion, ranking the top in the world. Secondly, structures of outward investment were constantly optimized. Regarding investment areas, we have transferred from mainly relying on labor intensive industry to relying on both labor intensive industry and technology and capital intensive industry. Regarding the investors, its composition has changed from SMEs to both SMEs and large enterprises. Regarding investment destination, it has changed from the developing countries to both the developing countries and developed countries. Thirdly, its contribution to the host country increased. Chinese investment has boosted the industrialization process of the host country, increased their financial revenue, promoted their economic development and improved the local people’s life. In 2017, the Chinese enterprises have turned in more than US$30 billion taxes to the host country and created 1.35 million jobs for the local people.

 

下一步,我们将以“一带一路”建设为重点,努力做好四项工作:一是要打造合作平台。抓好境外经贸合作区建设,优化国别产业布局,支持园区基础设施建设,提高合作区水平。二是深化产能合作,聚焦重点产业、重点国别,推动我国优势产能、先进装备走出去。三是壮大投资主体。积极鼓励有实力、信誉好的企业开拓国际市场,提高跨国经营能力,提高防范风险的能力。四是规范经营行为。加强真实性合规性审查,继续控制非理性投资,要求中国对外投资企业遵守东道国的法律法规,履行社会责任。总之,我们将努力为企业提供更好的环境、更好的条件、更好的服务,努力打造中国投资的品牌,树立中国投资的良好形象。谢谢!

 

Next, we will focus on the construction of the Belt and Road initiative and mainly do the work in 4 aspects: 1. create cooperation platform. We will take the construction of overseas economic and trade zones as opportunity to optimize industrial layout, support infrastructure construction and upgrade cooperation zones. 2. deepen capacity cooperation. Efforts will be made to focus on major industries and key countries to push China’s advantageous capacity and latest equipment to go global. 3. expand the investor entity. Work will be made to encourage eligible business with good credit to expand international markets, upgrade transnational operation and improve the ability to prevent risks. 4. regulate operation behavior. Strength the check work of the truthfulness and regulation-and-standard accordance, continue to control non-rational investment. Chinese enterprises will be required to abide by laws and regulations of the host country and fulfill its social responsibility. To sum up, we will endeavor to provide better environment and services for enterprises, build the brand and good image of “Chinese investment.” Thank you!

 

中国经济周刊经济网记者:2018年中非合作论坛峰会即将举办,我们想请问钟部长,上一届约翰内斯堡峰会提出的各项经贸举措,包括投资便利化等落实情况如何?在新一届峰会中,我们将提出哪些新的倡议?谢谢您。

 

China Economic Weekly: The 2018 Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation is about to be held. Minister Zhong, what is the progress of the implementation of the economic and trade measures proposed at the last Johannesburg Summit, including investment facilitation? What new initiatives will we put forward at the upcoming summit? Thank you.

 

钟山:谢谢你的提问。非洲是中国的重要的伙伴,习近平主席在2015年中非合作论坛约堡峰会上提出了十大合作计划,这些计划这几年来我们在积极的推动落实,具体相关的工作我们请分管这项工作的钱克明副部长来回答。

 

Zhong Shan: Thanks for your question. Africa is China’s important partner, and President Xi Jinping put forward the 10 major China-Africa cooperation plans at the Johannesburg Summit in 2015 which have been promoted actively these years. Vice Minister Qian Keming, who is in charge of this, will introduce the detailed work to you.

 

钱克明:谢谢钟部长,也谢谢这位记者朋友。中非十大合作计划提出两年多来,商务部会同国内相关部门和非洲国家,一个国家一个国家磋商,一项任务一项任务分解,一个项目一个项目实施。到目前为止,绝大部分任务已经落实,绝大部分项目已经提前完成,而且收到了非常好的效果。比如说在民生领域,十大合作计划给非洲各国带来实实在在的好处,像已经免除了20多个非洲国家2015年底到期的无息贷款债务。此外,我们还向18个非洲国家提供了多批紧急人道主义粮食援助。2016年,由于“厄尔尼诺现象”导致东非大国像埃塞俄比亚有上千万人受到饥饿的威胁,是中国第一时间送去了救命粮。所以,当时埃塞俄比亚总理非常激动地握着我的手说,这是我们收到的第一批救命粮,中国是我们真正的朋友。当然,除了粮援和免除债务以外,我们还在很多民生领域,包括学校、医院、清洁供水项目等,提供了大量的援助。

 

Vice Minister of MOFCOM Qian Keming: thank Minister Zhong Shan and the journalist. Two years since the 10 major China-Africa cooperation plans were put forward, MOFCOM, together with related domestic departments and African countries, has negotiated with countries one by one, resolved tasks one by one and implemented projects one by one. So far, most tasks have been implemented and most projects have been completed ahead of schedule with remarkable results. For example, in the field of people’s livelihood, the 10 major China-Africa cooperation plans have brought tangible benefits to African countries, such as the elimination of interest-free loan debts of more than 20 African countries that expired at the end of 2015. In addition, we also provided several humanitarian emergency food aids to 18 African countries. In 2016, due to the El Nino phenomenon, over ten millions of people in East Africa, like Ethiopia, were starving. It was China that sent relief food the first time. For that, the Ethiopian Prime Minister took my hand with great excitement and said: “this is the first batch of food we have received, and China is our true friend.” Of course, in addition to food aid and debt relief, we also provide a lot of assistance in many areas of livelihood, including schools, hospitals, and clean water supply projects.

 

又比如说在工业化合作领域,我们已经成功地增加了非洲中小企业专项贷款,当时习近平主席对外宣布要增资50亿美元,我们已经完成。我们还新设了100亿美元的中非产能合作基金,同时,为非洲国家提供了15万人次的专业技术人才培训。除此之外,我们还和非洲的很多国家签订了协议,建设经贸合作园区。大家可能听说过埃及的苏伊士运河经贸合作区,这个经贸合作区建设以来,产值已经达到7亿美元,为当地政府缴纳税费5800万美元,带动就业3300人,特别要指出的是其中有3100人是当地职工。

 

In the field of industrialization cooperation, we have successfully increased the special development loans. Back then President Xi Jinping announced to add the investment of US$5 billion, and we have accomplished it. We also newly added US$ 10 billion fund for China-Africa capacity cooperation, and offered training for the professional and technical personnel of 150,000 people in African countries. Besides, we also signed agreements with many African countries to establish economic and trade cooperation parks. You may have heard about Egypt's Suez Canal Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone. Since the establishment of this economic and trade cooperation zone, the output value has reached US$700 million, paying the local government taxes of US$58 million, bringing jobs to 3,300 people and 3,100 of them are local workers.

 

在基础设施这方面,建设了一批公路、铁路、机场、港口等等。大家可能听说过肯尼亚的蒙内铁路,是蒙巴萨到内罗毕的铁路,全长480公里,号称东非铁路网的“咽喉要塞”。还有亚吉铁路,就是埃塞的亚的斯亚贝巴到吉布提的铁路。当时我们的粮食援助也要用这条铁路,但当时刚修完,还没有通车,就用我们的开道车把中国的第一批粮援送到了灾区。中非十大合作领域项目非常多,内容也非常丰富,我就不逐一介绍了。

 

In terms of infrastructure, a number of highways, railways, airports, ports, etc. have been built. You may have heard of the Mombasa Port-Nairobi railway in Kenya. It is a railroad from Mombasa to Nairobi with a total length of 480 kilometers and is known as the “fortress” of the East African Railway Network. There is also the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway which is from Ethiopia's Addis Ababa to Djibouti. At that time, we also used this railroad for food aid. However, back then the railway was just finished and not available to trains, so we used our breacher to drive the first batch of food aid from China to the disaster area. There are many projects in the 10 major China-Africa cooperation plans and they have very rich contents and I won’t be able to introduce them one by one.

 

总体看,十大合作计划项目进展很顺利,效果也非常明显,我们的非洲朋友也非常满意。今年9月,大家都知道新一届中非合作论坛峰会将在北京举行,下一步我们想围绕这个峰会做两件事:

 

In general, the 10 major China-Africa cooperation plans went on smoothly with remarkable achievements, and our African friends were also satisfied with these results. We all know that the next Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation will be held in Beijing in September this year, and we will have two things done focusing on this Summit.

 

第一,继续抓好十大合作计划的实施。钟部长也提出这是一个政治任务,绝对不能含糊,要不折不扣、高质量按期完成。同时我们要抓好十大合作计划效果的评估、经验的总结,以便为下一届峰会经贸举措的设计提供一些借鉴。第二,要设计好经贸合作的新举措。事实上去年下半年钟山部长就进行了部署,目前已经在广泛征求非洲各个国家的意见。“两会”之后,我们还要征求非洲各个国家驻华使节的意见,让非洲的需求、非洲合作的意愿都反映到新举措里面。新举措大体的轮廓已经出来,细节我在这儿就不多介绍了。

 

Firstly, we will continue to focus on the implementation of the 10 major China-Africa cooperation plans. Minister Zhong Shan defined it as a political task which should be fulfilled with full efforts and high quality on time. Meanwhile, we should concentrate on the evaluation of the 10 plans’ results and the conclusion of the experience in order to provide guidance for the designing of the economic and trade measures for the next summit. Secondly, we should design new measures for economic and trade cooperation. In fact, Minister Zhong Shan deployed this in the second half of last year, and he has already widely solicited opinions from various African countries. After the two sessions, we will also seek the opinions of the diplomatic envoys from various African countries so that the needs and cooperation willingness of Africa could be reflected in the new measures. The general outline of the new measures has already come out. I will not introduce more details here.

 

总体上有三个方面的特点:第一,要进一步加强战略对接,加强“一带一路”倡议和非洲2063议程的战略对接,注重在非盟多边层次以及在各个国家的双边层次加强战略对接。第二,进一步聚焦非洲自主增长能力和发展能力建设,围绕非洲缓解贫困、创造就业、发展经济、改善民生这些需求,着重帮助非洲培养自主增长能力,特别是为年轻人创造就业,培养年轻人的技能。第三,进一步加强多方协作,除了商务部还有中央各部委以外,还要加强与省一级地方的协作;除了政府之外还加强与企业的协作;除了国有企业以外,还要进一步发挥民营企业的作用。我们还计划与第三方机构,包括国际一些扶贫和发展机构加强合作,调动各方资源,进一步加大对非洲的投入和合作的力度,将中非合作提上一个新的台阶。谢谢!

 

In general, there are three features: First, we need to further strengthen our strategic docking of the Belt and Road Initiative and Africa’s 2063 Agenda and focus on strengthening strategic docking at the AU multilateral level and at the bilateral level of each country. Second, we will further focus on Africa’s capacity building for self-growth and development, concentrating on the needs of Africa’s poverty alleviation, job creation, economic development, and the improvement of people’s livelihood. We will focus on helping Africa develop its own capacity for growth, especially creating jobs for young people and promoting their skills. Third, we will further strengthen multi-party cooperation. In addition to the cooperation with MOFCOM and other central ministries and commissions, we must also strengthen collaboration with provincial-level local governments, and the cooperation with enterprises besides the government. We should give play to the private enterprises as well as the state-owned enterprises. We also plan to cooperate with the third-party organizations including some international poverty alleviation and development agencies. Through mobilizing all resources, we will further increase investment in Africa and bring China-Africa cooperation to a new level. Thank you!

 

中新社中新网记者:我们注意到今年春节中国国内消费超过9000亿元,请问商务部在下一步在扩大国内消费、进一步释放消费潜力方面会有哪些新的举措?谢谢。

 

China News Service: we’ve noticed that the domestic consumption during the Spring Festival exceeded 900 billion yuan. What new measures will MOFCOM implement in further expanding domestic consumption and release its potential? Thank you.

 

钟山:谢谢。春节市场消费火爆,这说明人民群众对我们的国家有信心、对自己有信心,也有购买能力。春节市场是全国消费发展的一个缩影。我国已成为消费大国,消费规模稳居全球第二位,消费连续四年成为经济增长的第一拉动力。我国经济增长已经由主要依靠投资出口拉动转向依靠消费投资出口协同拉动。我国的消费发展还有很大潜力。我国拥有近14亿人口,中等收入群体已经有4亿人左右。随着经济社会不断地发展,人民群众收入不断增加,生活水平不断提高,我国消费潜力十分巨大。

 

Zhong Shan: The prosperous Spring Festival market reflects people’s confidence in our country, in themselves and in their purchasing power. The Spring Festival market is an epitome of the national consumption development. China has become a big nation of consumption and enjoys the second largest consumption scale the world over. Consumption has become the first driving force for economic growth for four consecutive years. China’s economic growth has shifted from relying mainly on investment and export to being synergistically driven by consumption, investment and export. China still has big potential for the development of consumption. China is the home of almost 1.4 billion people with 0.4 billion of them becoming the middle-income group. With the continuous development of the economy and society, the people’s income has continued to increase and their living standards have continued to be improved. China’s consumption potential is very huge.

 

当然,消费发展还有短板、弱项。我国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分发展之间的矛盾,表现之一就是商品和服务供给难以满足消费升级需要。初步估算,现在我国居民一年去境外购物大约2000亿美元,这个购物清单当中,既有高档商品也有日用消费品。境外购物反映出我国优质商品供应不足,而且价格偏高。服务消费方面,家政、养老、教育、医疗等都是我们的弱项,在这方面供应是不足的。今天早晨我在来的路上看到一条新闻,现在全国有2.4亿60岁以上的人口,面临着一个居家养老还是社会养老的问题,其实养老健康都是服务消费的问题,现在确实是严重不足。

 

Of course, the development of consumption still has weak spots. The principal contradiction facing the Chinese society has evolved into one between the unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. One example is that the supply of goods and services cannot meet the needs of upgrading consumption. According to the preliminary estimate, Chinese people spent about US$200 billion a year on shopping overseas. We can see both the high-grade goods as well as daily consumer goods on the shopping list. Our shopping overseas shows our supply for quality goods is insufficient and is pricy. In terms of service consumption, housekeeping, old people caring, education and healthcare are all China’s weak spots with insufficient supply. The news I saw this morning on my way here said that there are 0.24 billion people aged over 60 facing the choice of home-based care or society-based care. In fact, the health care for the elderly is a problem of service consumption. The serious shortage indeed exists.

 

下一步,我们要根据社会主要矛盾的变化,创新流通、扩大消费、增加有效供给,重点做好三件事:

 

Next, we will innovate circulation, expand consumption and increase effective supply. We will focus on three things.

 

第一,搭建平台、促进消费。在城市,改造提升一批高品位步行街,提高消费品质,提高城市品位,要把步行街打造成城市的靓丽名片。还要优化便利店、菜市场等社区商业网点布局,打造15分钟便民生活服务圈,丰富“菜篮子”供应。在乡村,加快建设一批特色商贸小镇和生活服务中心,让乡村展现新面貌,让农民享受新生活。我们还将大力发展电子商务,推动线上线下融合。总的来说,要让城乡居民有更丰富的选择、更便利的服务、更舒适的体验。

 

First, build platforms and promote consumption. In cities, we will upgrade and improve a bunch of vehicle-free promenades with high quality to uplift the consumption quality and the taste of cities in order to forge these promenades as the beautiful landmarks of cities. We will also optimize the layout of community commercial outlets such as convenience stores and food markets to create a convenient 15-minute life service circle and enrich the supply of “vegetable baskets”. In the countryside, we will speed up the construction of a number of featured trade and commercial towns and life service centers so that the villages can display a new look and allow farmers to enjoy a new life. We will also vigorously develop e-commerce and promote online and offline integration. In general, urban and rural residents should have more choices, more convenient services and more comfortable experiences.

 

第二,扩大开放、促进消费。大幅度放宽市场准入,下调汽车、部分日用消费品等进口关税,扩大电信、医疗、教育、养老等服务业开放,丰富国内市场供应,降低消费成本。

 

2. We will expand opening up and promote consumption. We will largely broaden the market access, cut the import tariffs of cars and some daily consumer goods, expand the opening up of telecom, health care, education and elderly people caring and enrich domestic market supply and lower consumption costs.

 

第三,改善环境、促进消费。不断改善城乡消费环境,开展互联网领域和农村市场的集中整治,建设重要农产品追溯体系,让老百姓消费得放心、开心,有获得感、安全感。谢谢!

 

3. We will improve the environment and promote consumption. We will constantly improve the consumption environment in urban and rural areas, fix online shopping and the rural markets and build traceability system for important agricultural products in order to make people consume safely and happily. Thank you!

 

国际商报记者:我的问题有关商务扶贫。我们都知道,精准扶贫是中央确定的今后三年要重点打好的三大攻坚战之一。对此,商务部在2018年八大行动计划中也包括了商务扶贫行动计划,请问钟部长,商务部就打好商务扶贫攻坚战有哪些具体的举措,预期会有哪些具体的成效?谢谢。

 

International Commercial Daily: My question is about commercial poverty alleviation. It is known that the targeted poverty alleviation is one of the three major fights in the next three years decided by the CPC, and MOFCOM’s eight action plans for the commerce work in 2018 also cover the action plans for commercial poverty alleviation. Minister Zhong Shan, what are MOFCOM’s specific measures to alleviate commercial poverty successfully and what are the expected achievements? Thank you.

 

钟山:谢谢你的提问。精准扶贫是党的十九大确定的三大攻坚战之一,商务工作贯通城乡、联通内外,在脱贫攻坚中大有可为。近年来,我们做了不少工作,也取得了积极成效,积累了一定经验,探索出一条商务扶贫的新路子。下一步,我们要重点抓好五大扶贫:

 

Zhong Shan: Thanks for your question. Targeted poverty alleviation is one of the three major fights decided at the 19th CPC National Congress. The commercial work covers the urban and rural areas, home and abroad, and we will have a brilliant future in poverty alleviation. In recent years, we have done lots of work and made many achievements, which gains us certain experience and a new way for commercial poverty alleviation. Next, we will mainly alleviate poverty from five aspects:

 

第一,电商扶贫。促进电子商务进农村,帮助贫困地区的优质特色农产品走出深山、走进城市、卖出好价钱。要培育一批致富带头人,形成一批特色优势产业。比如四川广安有一个贫困村,盛产红心柚,但是由于交通不便,存在卖难的问题。对老百姓而言,卖不出去,卖不出好价钱来,就不能增收。通过网络销售,不仅卖得出,而且卖出了好价钱。这个村原来有29户贫困户,通过线上销售红心柚,现在已经全部脱贫。2017年,电商扶贫已经覆盖了全国499个国家级贫困县。下一步,我们还将扩大到所有具备条件的国家级贫困县。

 

1. Alleviate poverty through e-commerce. We will promote e-commerce to enter into rural areas and help high-quality agricultural products go out of the remote mountains for cities, and sell at good prices. We will nurture a group of bellwethers to become rich and form a batch of featured and advantageous industries. For example, there is a poor village in Guangan, Sichuan. Guangan is rich in red heart pomelo, but due to inconvenient traffic, the red heart pomelo doesn’t sell well. For the ordinary people, if they can't sell it at a good price, they can't increase their income. Thanks to the online sales, it is sold and even at a good price. The original 29 poor households in that village have been pulled out of poverty through selling the red heart pomelo online. In 2017, e-commerce poverty alleviation has covered 499 national poverty counties across the country. Next, we will still spread it to all eligible poor counties at the national level.

 

第二,家政扶贫。我们提出“百城万村”家政扶贫计划,推动中心城市和农村特别是贫困村对接,让农民特别是贫困村的农民经过培训成为家政服务人员。现在城里家政服务人员的需求非常大,在座的媒体朋友也可能有找钟点工、找家政服务人员难的苦恼。但同时,农村特别是贫困村的富余劳动力找不到合适的工作。在这方面,商务部有条件有责任帮助城乡对接。按照每年安排贫困村的5万人到城市从事家政服务、平均每人每年收入4万块钱左右计算,就可以增加20亿元的收入,既可以使5万个家庭脱贫,又可以满足城市家庭服务的需要。

 

2. Alleviate poverty through home services. We put forward the program of alleviating poverty through home services, covering more than 100 cities and 10,000 villages to promote the docking between the central cities and the rural areas especially the poverty-stricken villages, so that farmers, especially farmers in poor villages, can be trained to become home service personnel. The demand for home service staff in cities is great large. Friends from media here may also find it difficult to find an hourly worker and domestic helper. At the same time, the surplus of laborers in rural areas, especially in poor villages, could not find a suitable job. In this regard, MOFCOM has the conditions and responsibilities to help connect the urban and rural areas. If 50,000 poor villagers could be arranged to work in home service in cities with an assumed average income of 40,000 yuan per person, it can bring a total increase of 2 billion yuan, which can not only lift 50,000 families out of poverty, but also satisfy the urban families’ need for home service.

 

第三,对外劳务扶贫。鼓励对外投资合作企业到农村特别是贫困地区招聘外派劳务人员。现在外派劳务人员的收入,每年每人平均在6万块钱左右。如果我们安排5万人,那就可以带来30亿元收入,这对农民来说也非常重要。

 

3. Alleviate poverty through overseas labor services. We will encourage foreign investment and cooperation enterprises to recruit overseas laborers in rural areas especially in the poor areas. At present, the average income of the overseas labor service personnel is about 60,000 yuan per person per year. If we are able to send out 50,000 people, it can bring in an income of 3 billion yuan, which is also very significant for farmers.

 

第四,产业扶贫。组织跨国公司西部行,加强国际减贫合作。去年,我们还免费为国家级贫困县的企业参加广交会提供免费摊位,增强贫困地区“造血”功能。

 

4. Alleviate poverty through industries. We will organize the transnational companies to visit the western areas and strengthen international cooperation in poverty reduction. Last year, we provided free booths for enterprises at the Canton Fair from the national poverty-stricken counties to enhance the "hematopoietic" function of poor areas.

 

第五,边贸扶贫。发挥边境地区区位优势,深化与毗邻国家的经贸合作,发展跨境贸易和产业合作,以开放促增收、促脱贫,强化东西部开放合作,推动边境地区对外开放,让边区人民群众日子更宽裕、生活更幸福。谢谢!

 

5. Alleviate poverty through border trade. The regional advantages of the border should be exercised to deepen the economic and trade cooperation with adjacent countries and develop cross-border trade and industrial cooperation. This is to increase income and alleviate poverty through opening up, strengthen the opening up of eastern and western areas, promote the opening up of border areas and increase the wellbeing and happiness of the people in the border areas. Thank you!

 

主持人:由于时间关系,再提最后一个问题。

 

Host: Due to the time limit, one more question can be asked.

 

中国网记者:我们注意到,钟部长在“部长通道”上提出今年要努力推动贸易强国建设,还谈到有信心完成《政府工作报告》中确定的外贸发展的目标和任务,请问有什么具体计划?谢谢。

 

China.org.cn: We noticed that Minister Zhong proposed to work hard to promote the construction of a trade power this year in the “passage interview”, and also mentioned that we are confident to complete the goals and tasks of foreign trade development identified in the government’s work report. What are the specific plans? Thank you.

 

钟山:谢谢你。今天再次有新闻界的朋友提问外贸问题,说明外贸确实是大家关心的一个热点问题。今年外贸发展面临的环境依然复杂严峻,但是,我们对实现《政府工作报告》提出的目标任务是有信心的。我们将坚持新发展理念,按照高质量发展的要求,重点推进“五个优化”:

 

Zhong Shan: Thank you. Today the issue about the foreign trade is proposed again, showing the foreign trade is a hot issue of common concern. This year, although the development of foreign trade still faces complicated and severe situation, we are confident to achieve the goal put forward in the government’s work report. We will stick to the new development concept and promote the “Five Optimization” based on high-quality development.

 

一是优化国际市场布局。进一步推进“一带一路”贸易畅通,促进贸易自由化便利化,形成更加广泛的贸易伙伴网络,共同做大贸易蛋糕。二是优化国内区域布局。支持中西部地区承接外向型产业转移,加大西部开放力度,挖掘中西部地区外贸发展潜力,推动全国对外开放、对外贸易协调发展。中西部地区经济总量占全国45%左右,而进出口只占全国15%,外贸发展潜力还非常大。三是优化外贸经营主体。支持企业技术创新、制度创新和管理创新,培育一批国际竞争力强的龙头企业和跨国公司。支持中小企业开拓国际市场,增强外贸发展活力。四是优化商品结构。着力推动高技术、高品质、高附加值产品和装备制造产品出口,推动外贸走创新发展之路,打造“中国品牌”、“中国品质”的外贸良好形象。五是优化贸易方式。培育贸易新业态新模式。大力发展服务贸易,促进服务贸易和货物贸易协调发展。同时,积极扩大进口,推动外贸平衡协调发展。谢谢!

 

Firstly, we will optimize the layout of the international market. We will promote the smooth trade along the Belt and Road routes, boost trade liberalization and facilitation to create a wider network of trading partners with whom we will jointly expand trade. Secondly, we will optimize the layout of domestic regions. We will support the central and western regions to accept the transfer of export-oriented industries and to increase the opening up of the western region, tap the potential of foreign trade development in the central and western regions, and promote the coordinated development of the country’s opening up and foreign trade. The total economic output in the central and western regions accounts for about 45% of China’s total, while imports and exports account for only 15%. The foreign trade development potential is still very large. Thirdly, we will optimize the main body of foreign trade operations. We support enterprises’ technology innovation, institutional innovation and management innovation, and will cultivate a group of internationally competitive leading companies and multinational companies. We support SMEs to develop international market and enhance the vitality of foreign trade development. Fourthly, we will optimize the commodity structure. We will focus on promoting the export of high-tech, high-quality, high-value-added products and equipment manufacturing products, and promote the foreign trade to develop in the direction of innovation and build a good foreign trade image of “Chinese brand” and “Chinese quality”. Fifthly, we will optimize trade methods. We will cultivate new commercial activities and formats of trade. We will vigorously develop service trade and promote the coordinated development of service trade and goods trade while actively expanding imports and promoting balanced and coordinated development of foreign trade. Thank you!

 

主持人:谢谢。各位记者,提问就到这里。本场记者会到此结束。谢谢大家!谢谢钟部长和各位副部长。

 

Host: Thank you. This is the end of the press conference. Thank you! Thank you, Minister Zhong Shan and all Vice Ministers.


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