Weight

（1）音重

（2）轻重

(1) In phonology, a concept used to distinguish levels of syllabic prominence, based on the segmental constituency of syllables. Syllables can be metrically heavy (H) or light (L): a light (or ‘weak’) syllable is one whose rhyme comprises a short-vowel nucleus alone or followed by a coda of no more than one short consonant (in terms of phonological length, a mora); a heavy (or ‘strong’) syllable is any other type (its phonological length being greater than one mora). Syllables of structure CVVC or CVCC are sometimes referred to as ‘superheavy’. The notion of weight has also come to be important in several models of non-linear phonology.

(2) In syntax, a concept which relates the relative length/complexity of different elements of sentence structure. For example, a clause as subject or object would be considered heavier than a lexical noun phrase, which would be heavier than a pronoun. Such variations in length and complexity seem to influence the order of elements in languages: for example, there is a preference for short > long linearization in right-branching (VO) languages, and for long > short in left-branching (OV) languages.

（1）音系学术语，根据音节的音段组构区分音节突显的不同程度。音节在节律上可重可轻：轻（或“弱”）音节是韵基只由一个短元音韵腹或后接一个不超过一个短辅音的韵尾组成的音节（音系学上的音长为一个莫拉）；重（或“强”音节）是任何其他类型的音节（音系学上的音长不止一个莫拉）。结构为CVVC或CVCC的音节有时称作“超重”音节。音重已成为非线性音系学多种模型的一个重要概念。

（2）句法概念，指句子结构不同成分的相对长度/复杂性。例如，由小句充当的主语或宾语被认为比由词汇名词短语充当的重，后者又比由代名词充当的重。这种长度和复杂性的差异看来影响语言中成分的序次：例如，右分叉（VO）语言有短>长的线性化倾向，而左分叉（OV）语言有长>短的线性化倾向。