张军大使在安理会儿童与武装冲突问题公开辩论会上的发言
Remarks by Amb. Zhang Jun at Security Council Open Debate on Children and Armed Conflict
2021年6月28日
28 June 2021
主席女士：
Madam President,
欢迎卡柳莱德总统出席并主持此次会议，感谢古特雷斯秘书长、福尔执行主任和各位通报人所作通报。
Your Excellency President Kaljulaid, I welcome your presence at the meeting and thank you for presiding over this meeting. I thank Secretary-General Guterres, Executive Director Fore and all other briefers for your briefings.
今年是联合国设立儿童与武装冲突问题授权25周年。25年以来，国际社会为保护儿童免受战争之害作出许多努力，保护儿童融入了联合国维护和平、建设和平工作的方方面面。这些成绩离不开秘书长及其特别代表、儿基会和所有奔走在保护儿童一线工作者们的不懈努力和辛勤付出。
This year marks the 25th anniversary of the UN mandate on children and armed conflict. For the past 25 years, the international community has made great efforts in protecting children from the scourge of war. The protection of children has been integrated into all aspects of peace operations and peacebuilding at the United Nations. These achievements are inseparable from the tireless efforts and hard work of the Secretary-General, his Special Representative, UNICEF and all those working on the front line of child protection.
令人痛心的是，25年后的今天，儿童仍然是战争最无辜的受害者。仅2020年，秘书长报告就记录了2.6万多起针对儿童的严重侵害事件。在阿富汗，随着外国军队开始撤出，当地安全形势急转直下，4月底至5月初不到两周时间就发生两起针对学生的袭击，其中5月8日袭击事件造成近百名女童丧生。在巴勒斯坦被占领土，今年5月11天的冲突就造成72名巴勒斯坦儿童和2名以色列儿童丧生，加沙地带30多所学校毁于炮火，近60万学生被迫停课。10岁的巴勒斯坦女孩塔伊夫面对成为废墟的家园放声大哭，她不断问自己：“我做错了什么？为什么要承受这些？”这是对国际社会的共同质问。我们能为这些儿童做些什么？如何才能减轻武装冲突带给儿童的伤害？这正是这次会议需要探讨和解决的问题。
Sadly, 25 years on, children are still the most innocent victims of war. In 2020 alone, more than 26,000 grave violations against children were recorded in the Secretary-General’s report. In Afghanistan, as foreign troops began to withdraw, the local security situation took a sharp turn for the worse, with two attacks on children in less than two weeks between the end of April and the beginning of May. In one of these two attacks, nearly 100 girls were killed on May 8. In the occupied Palestinian territories, 72 Palestinian and two Israeli children were killed in the 11-day conflict this past May. More than 30 schools in the Gaza Strip were destroyed by gunfire, and nearly 600,000 students were forced out of school. A 10 year old Palestinian girl Nadine Abdel-Taif cried over the ruins of her home. She kept asking herself: “What did I do for this? Why do I deserve this?” This is a question for the entire international community. What can we do for these children? How can we lessen the harm down to children in armed conflicts? This is precisely the problem that this meeting needs to discuss, address and answer.
实现和平是对儿童最好的保护。唯有停火止暴，才能治愈儿童的战争创伤。如果战乱不息，只会有更多儿童遭受暴力。冲突各方应积极响应和落实秘书长全球停火倡议，通过对话协商解决分歧。安理会应继续推动政治解决热点问题，推动将儿童保护贯穿于预防冲突、解决冲突以及建设和平的全过程，作为斡旋调解、和平谈判以及解武复员的重要内容。秘书长儿童与武装冲突特别代表办公室制定的“调停者指导文件”是一个有益尝试，希望能在实践中发挥应有作用。
Achieving peace is the best protection for children. Only ceasefire and cessation of violence can heal the wounds of war inflicted on children. If war rages on, it will only result in more violence against children. Parties to the conflict should actively respond to and implement the Secretary-General’s global ceasefire initiative and resolve their differences through dialogue and consultation. The Security Council should continue to promote the political settlement of hotspot issues and promote the protection of children throughout the entire process of conflict prevention, conflict elimination and peacebuilding, and make it an important part of good offices and mediation, peace negotiations, and disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. The Practical Guidance for Mediators to Protect Children in Situations of Armed Conflict prepared by the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict is a good try. We hope it will play its due part in practice.
针对儿童的严重侵害必须立即停止。安理会决议规定的六种严重侵害儿童行为突破国际人道法的界线，挑战人类良知底线，应成为冲突各方的行为禁区。中方谴责一切针对儿童的严重侵害行为，包括外国驻军在阿富汗针对平民和儿童的杀戮行为，对有关责任人应予以追究。中方呼吁已经同联合国签署保护儿童行动计划的冲突方切实采取落实行动，尚未签署行动计划的冲突方尽快签署。安理会为儿童保护提供了强有力的工具，包括监督报告机制、秘书长年度报告、安理会儿童与武装冲突工作组国别结论等，应当用好用足。保护儿童归根结底取决于当事国的努力。国际社会要敦促所有国家批准和执行《儿童权利公约》，也要加大资金和技术支持力度，帮助相关国家提升儿童保护能力。秘书长报告对严重侵害儿童当事方的列名和除名应以事实为依据，坚持人道和非政治化原则。
Grave violations against children must be stopped immediately. The six grave violations against children identified in the Council Resolutions breakthrough the boundaries of international humanitarian law, challenge the bottom line of human conscience, and should be a no-no for all parties to the conflict. China condemns all grave violations against children, including the killing of civilians and children in Afghanistan by foreign troops. We should pursue the responsibility for those who perpetrated such acts. China calls on parties to the conflict that have signed the child protection action plan with the UN to take effective measures to implement it, and those who have not yet done so to sign it as soon as possible. The Council provides robust tools for child protection. This includes the monitoring and reporting mechanism, the annual report of the Secretary-General, and the country conclusions of the Council’s Working Group on children and armed conflict. We should make good use and full use of these tools. In the final analysis, the protection of children hinges on the efforts of the state in question. The international community should urge all countries to ratify and implement the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and increase financial and technical support to help the countries concerned improve their child protection capacity. In the report of the Secretary-General, the listing and de-listing of parties to grave violations against children should be based on facts while adhering to the humanitarian and non-politicization principles.
要加大力度实现儿童全面发展。数千万冲突中的儿童正在遭受营养不良和疫病冲击，陷入贫困和失学的无助境地。国际社会要加大援助力度，联合国发展机构要充分发挥作用，让武装冲突中的儿童享有摆脱困境、实现潜能的公平机会，避免迫于生计加入武装团伙，避免陷入暴力冲突的恶性循环。单边强制措施严重侵犯儿童的生存发展权利，所谓人道豁免形同虚设，应立即解除一切单边强制措施。受恐怖势力裹胁的儿童应当获得相同保护，联合国相关机构应加大努力实现叙利亚、伊拉克境内外国作战人员子女的遣返。在全球抗疫大背景下，要对受冲突影响的儿童给予特殊关注，确保他们在疫苗接种、远程教育等方面不被落下。
It is necessary to make greater efforts to achieve comprehensive development of children. Tens of millions of children in conflict are suffering from malnutrition and pandemics. They are trapped in helpless situations of poverty and having no schools to go to. The international community should increase its assistance, and the UN development agencies should play their full role, so that children in armed conflict can enjoy a fair opportunity to astrogate themselves from difficulties and realize their potential, free from being forced to join armed groups to survive, and avoid falling into a vicious circle of violence and conflict. Unilateral coercive measures seriously violate children’s rights to survival and development and all other basic human rights. The so-called humanitarian exemptions do not work. All unilateral coercive measures should immediately be lifted. Children threatened by terrorist forces should be given the same protection. Relevant UN agencies should step up their efforts to repatriate children of foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq. In the context of the current global pandemic, special attention should be given to children affected by conflict, so as to ensure that they are not left behind in vaccination and remote learning.
主席女士，
Madam President,
保护儿童是所有国家和政府的责任，在任何情况下都应该是最优先的任务。在这方面要走的路还很长。最近在加拿大暴露的土著人儿童在寄宿学校受到残害，4000多人丧失生命的事件令人震惊和发指。不能让这黑暗的一页只停留在历史书籍当中。我们敦促加拿大政府切实履行责任，让世界了解真相，还受害者以正义，避免这样的悲惨事件再次发生。
The protection of children is the responsibility of all states and governments, and should be the top priority under any circumstances. There is still a long way to go in this respect. The recently exposed abuse and violence of indigenous children in Canada at boarding schools that led to the loss of over 4,000 lives is shocking and horrific. We cannot let this dark page stay in history books only. We urge the Government of Canada to earnestly fulfill its responsibility to let the world know the truth, and to give justice to the victims, so as to prevent the recurrence of such tragedies.
谢谢主席女士。
I thank you, Madam President.