双语:“双循环”新发展格局为中欧合作提质升级注入强劲动能
发布时间:2021年01月15日
发布人:nanyuzi  

双循环新发展格局为中欧合作提质升级注入强劲动能

China’s “Dual Circulation” Lends Strong Impetus to China-EU Cooperation

 

驻欧盟使团团长张明大使在欧盟网站发表署名文章

Ambassador Zhang Ming Published an Op-Ed on EURACTIV

 

2020年12月12日

 

近年来,全球经济形势复杂多变,新冠疫情进一步增添不确定性风险。在此背景下,中国提出构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局,统领经济发展战略。

Recent years have seen more complexities and volatility in the global economy. The COVID-19 has further accentuated the uncertainties. Against such backdrop, China will foster a new development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other. This is an overarching strategy for China’s economic development.

 

以国内大循环为主体,是中国为适应国内外经济变局而作出的自主调整。一是内部结构之变。现阶段,中国遇到的挑战是人民日益增长的美好生活需要与不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。中国国内生产总值(GDP)人均跨上一万美元大关,居民消费需求水涨船高。但国内中、高端产品、服务供给不充分,最终消费占GDP比重不足60%,低于全球平均水平。供需矛盾抑制消费潜力,制约经济结构提质升级。二是外部环境之变。近期经济全球化逆流涌动、贸易保护主义思想回潮,新冠疫情扰乱国际供应链稳定,放大中国经济外部风险。三是内外对比之变。金融危机后,国际需求持续低迷,中国对外贸易依存度由67%的峰值降至32%。而新千年以来,中国经济总量增长十倍。内、外因素此消彼涨,内部市场重要性不断上升。面对发展阶段之变、环境之变,我们必须在坚持参与国际循环的同时,着力理顺国内循环,提升经济发展韧性及持续性。其核心,是打通国内循环阻塞点,降低交易成本,全面优化营商环境及市场资源配置效率。依托14亿人口、4亿中等收入群体大市场,通过产业升级、供给升级夯实经济增长动能,实现经济循环螺旋上升的良好局面。作为驻欧盟大使,我和我的同事们一直关注欧盟经济发展及其格局的演进,为的是与欧方伙伴共同推动中欧互利合作,同时也希冀从中获得启示和借鉴。欧盟经济正是以内循环为基石。单一市场内部、成员国之间的消费、贸易、投资规模均高于对外相关数据。欧盟一直是中国市场重要参与者,中国的内需对欧盟而言就是外需,是欧盟经济增长点。欧盟有一体化的经历,应更容易理解并辩证看待中国构建新发展格局的努力。

Domestic circulation is the mainstay. This is what China must do to adapt to the changing economic landscape both at home and abroad. First, China’s internal dynamics are evolving. The challenge confronting the Chinese society is that unbalanced and inadequate development cannot meet our people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. China’s per capita GDP has crossed the US$10,000 mark, and consumer demand is on the rise. However, China’s domestic supply of medium- and high-end products and services remains insufficient. Consumption accounts for less than 60% of China’s GDP, lower than the global average. The supply-demand gap discourages the upgrading of consumption and economic restructuring in China. Second, the external environment is changing. Given the headwinds against globalization, the resurgence of protectionism and the disruption in global supply chains due to the COVID-19, China’s economy is exposed to greater external risks. Third, for China, the relative weight of global and domestic markets is changing. After the international financial crisis, global demand remains sagging. In terms of trade, China’s external dependence ratio has dropped from the peak of 67% to 32%. By contrast, since 2000, China’s economy has grown by ten folds in aggregate terms. The domestic market is becoming more and more important. As China enters a new stage of development under the new circumstances, while engaging in the international circulation, we must consolidate the domestic circulation in order to make our economy more resilient and sustainable. The key is to ensure unimpeded circulation at home by lowering transaction costs, improving business environment and enhancing the efficiency of resource allocation. With a huge market of 1.4 billion people including a 400-million strong middle-income group, we hope to further boost economic growth through industrial and supply upgrading, and keep the upward momentum of our economy. As Chinese Ambassador to the EU, like my colleagues, I am closely watching the economic dynamics in the EU, in order to identify more opportunities for mutually beneficial cooperation and to draw on the useful experience of EU practices. It is the internal circulation that underpins the EU economy. The intra-EU consumption, trade, and investment are much higher than extra-EU ones. The EU has always been an important player in the Chinese market. China’s domestic demand is the EU’s external demand, which means a source of growth for the EU. With decades-long experience in integration, the EU is in a better position to understand and see the full picture of China’s new development paradigm.

 

以国际循环促进国内循环,是中国长期坚持决不动摇的基本方针。为实现协调发展,中国不会搞“闭关锁国”,而是通过更高水平制度型开放,继续用好外部条件,实现互利双赢。这不仅仅是我们的宣示,更是我们的行动!近年来,中国缔结区域全面经济伙伴协定,以实际行动展现建设开放型经济体的决心及对自由贸易体系的支持;全面推行外商投资负面清单管理模式并大力压缩清单条目,德国大众、安联保险等企业不断加大在华汽车、金融行业投资力度;正式签署中欧地理标志协定,欧盟红酒、奶酪、火腿等优质农产品越来越多地摆上中国消费者餐桌;全力推动中欧投资协定如期结束谈判,未来将为欧盟投资者提供更多市场准入机遇。此外,我们还连续举办三届国际进口博览会,增加中欧班列开行数量,打造海南自由贸易港,履行扩大开放承诺,在贸易、投资等各个领域与欧方分享中国市场。

China will continue to promote reinforcement between international and domestic circulations. This is a fundamental policy that China firmly commits to. China will not shut its door to the outside. Rather, China will promote greater institutional opening-up, make the best of external resources, and achieve mutual benefit. This is not only what we say, but also what we are doing. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), to which China is a party, illustrates our commitment to economic openness and free trade. We have significantly shortened the negative list for foreign investment. Volkswagen, Allianz, among other foreign-invested companies, have scaled up their investment in China in such areas as automobile and finance. China and the EU have formally signed the geographical indications agreement. More and more EU quality agricultural products, like wine, cheese and ham, are reaching Chinese dinner tables. We are making every effort to advance the negotiation on the investment agreement. Once concluded, the agreement will offer more market access opportunities to EU investors. We have held international import expos for three years in a row. China-Europe express rail link has seen a growing number of trips. We are building the Hainan free trade port. We are delivering on the commitment to further opening-up, and are more than happy to share with the EU traders and investors the market opportunities in China.

 

双循环发展格局,将为欧盟提供广阔历史机遇。作为中国主要经贸伙伴,欧盟是连接中国内循环和外循环的重要纽带。中欧双方的GDP合计占全球超三成,双边贸易额占中国对外贸易额15%,双向投资也稳步增长。希望欧盟继续在华“精耕细作”,充分发挥品牌、资金、技术等方面优势,用好“中国工厂+中国市场”的双重便利条件,在传统经贸领域把握中国市场机遇、开放机遇,通过聚焦中国经济内循环、参与中国经济外循环,深度融入中国经济循环圈,共享发展红利。此外,“双循环发展”将引领中国经济走向高质量增长之路。中国正全力挖掘新的经济增长点,数字经济、绿色经济、海洋经济等将成为增长新引擎。与此同时,欧盟也在寻求经济绿色、数字双重转型。欧盟企业可顺应发展大势,抓住双方打造绿色伙伴、数字伙伴释放的新机遇,再接再厉,拔得头筹。

The dual-circulation development paradigm will open up new horizons for the EU. As China’s major economic and trade partner, the EU serves as a major link between China’s domestic and international circulations. Together, China and the EU account for over 30% of the global GDP. The EU takes up 15% of China’s foreign trade. The two-way investment grows steadily. Hopefully the EU companies will further unleash their potential in the Chinese market by fully harnessing their strengths in branding, capital and technology, make the best use of their geographical proximity to the “China workshop” and “China market”, seize market opportunities in an open China, get deeply involved in China’s dual circulations, and share the growth dividends. The “dual circulation” development paradigm will also help the Chinese economy move in a direction of higher-quality growth. China is making vigorous efforts to explore new drivers of economic growth. Digital economy, green economy and marine economy are well-placed to become China’s new growth engines. At the same time, the EU is promoting green and digital transitions. China and the EU are building partnerships for green and digital development. The EU companies would be well advised to stay ahead of the curve, seize the opportunities arising therefrom, and take the prize.