双语:中国构建新发展格局,为阿富汗带来机遇,为世界注入信心
发布时间:2020年11月05日
发布人:nanyuzi  

中国构建新发展格局,为阿富汗带来机遇,为世界注入信心

China’s New Development Pattern: Opportunities for Afghanistan, Source of Confidence for Whole World

 

驻阿富汗大使王愚在阿媒体发表文章

An Article Published by H.E. Wang Yu Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China to Afghanistan

 

2020年9月10日

10 September 2020

 

近几个月来,中国国家主席习近平多次强调,中国要形成“以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局”。具体而言,对内要持续扩大内需,提振消费,推进科技创新,维护产业链供应链安全;对外不断优化营商环境,加强产权和知识产权保护,形成长期稳定发展预期。习主席把握国内外环境的深刻演变态势,从中国国情国力、所面临的国际政治经济形势和全球经济发展等多角度出发,顺应时代潮流,主动谋划,提出了解决中国中长期发展问题的要求,为今后一个时期中国经济社会发展指明了方向,也回应了世界经济发展陷入衰退的难题。作为世界第二大经济体,中国各界正紧跟习主席步伐,积极作为解决国内市场现存矛盾,也继续加快高水平对外开放步伐,为世界经济注入更强信心。

In recent months, Chinese President Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed the need for China to form a “new development pattern centering on internal circulation with the domestic and international markets promoting each other.” To be more specific, China should continue expanding domestic demands, boosting consumption, advancing scientific and technological innovation and maintaining the security of its industrial and supply chains. Externally it should also continuously improve the business environment, strengthen the protection of property rights and intellectual property rights and foster expectations of a long-term stable development. In keeping with the trend of the times, President Xi took the initiative to plan for the profound changes in the domestic and international environment with China’s national conditions and strength, the international political and economic situation and global economic development in mind. On this basis, he has pointed to the need to focus on the medium-and long-term development of China, identified the direction for China’s economic and social development in the future and given his response to the tough issue of world economic recession. All people in China, the world’s second largest economy, are following in the footsteps of President Xi, actively addressing existing contradictions in the domestic market and speeding up opening up to the outside world at a higher level, which is expected to inject greater confidence into the world economy.

 

“新发展格局”反映了中国经济发展的战略重点从出口导向型向内需驱动为主加速转变。有观点认为,中国强调“以国内大循环为主体”,是要关起门来封闭运行。事实恰恰相反。习主席强调:“以国内大循环为主体,绝不是关起门来封闭运行,而是通过发挥内需潜力,使国内市场和国际市场更好联通,更好利用国际国内两个市场、两种资源,实现更加强劲可持续的发展。”一方面,发展国内循环和发展国际循环的着力点大致相当,一样要保护知识产权、改善营商环境、减少准入限制,一样要依托完整的工业体系和完备的基础设施等。另一方面,国内国际双循环相互促进,可以使国内大循环的主体地位更加稳固。只有国内国际双循环相互融合,才能优化生产要素的跨国配置和扩大优质商品、服务进口,满足中国国内的生产和消费需求,使国内大循环更加通畅、分量更重。国际经济联通和交往仍是中国和世界经济发展的客观要求。

The new development pattern indicates an accelerated shift in the strategic focus of China’s economic development from being export-oriented to domestic demands-driven. Some people consider the stress on ‘internal circulation’ as a lead to closed-door economic operations. In fact, the opposite is true. Xi stressed that ‘the greater focus on the domestic market is by no means a closed domestic loop, but rather aimed at a stronger and more sustainable development based on a better tapping of the potentials of domestic demand, a better connection between the domestic and the international markets and better uses of both and their resources.’ On the one hand, the focuses in the two circulations are roughly the same, on the protection of intellectual property rights, improvement of business environment and reduction of access restrictions. And both must be based on a complete industrial system and adequate infrastructure. On the other hand, only mutually generating dual circulations can consolidate the position of the domestic market. And only through integrated domestic and international circulations, can we optimize the transnational allocation of production factors and expand the import of high-quality goods and services to meet domestic production and consumption needs and lubricate and add weight to the domestic cycle. International economic connectivity and exchanges remain the objective requirement for economic development in China and the world.

 

中国同步推进国内国际双循环,根本是不断精进修炼“内功”。疫情之下,跨国贸易投资大幅萎缩。中国持续发展更多自主知识产权的核心技术和品牌,提升自主创新能力,巩固经济发展自主权,提高在全球供应链中的地位和安全性,为国内高质量发展筑牢基础。

The move to advance both domestic and international circulations is designed to build up internal strength. Cross-border trade and investment have shrunk in the COVID-19 pandemic. China will continue developing more core technologies and brands with indigenous intellectual property rights, enhancing its capacity for independent innovation, consolidating its autonomy in economic development and improving its position and security in global supply chains, thus laying a solid foundation for high-quality development at home.

 

同时,为消化高质量发展动能,中国国内市场着力打通国内生产、分配、流通、消费各个环节,以满足国内需求。在这方面,中国有巨大的内需市场优势。中国拥有14亿人口、9亿劳动力、4亿多中等收入群体、1亿多市场主体,具有超大规模市场优势和无可比拟的潜力以及广阔的成长空间。国际货币基金组织预测,2020年,全球经济受疫情影响将出现3%的负增长。然而,中国发扬经济潜力足、韧性强、回旋空间大、政策工具多的优势,在率先走出疫情阴霾后,稳步推进复工复产,在多领域取得实质性进步。7月,中国规模以上工业增加值同比增长4.8%,连续4个月同比正增长,商品零售增长0.2%,实现年内首次由负转正。因此,在自身疫情最严重时,中国面临疫情风险和一些国家无端指责、经济制裁的压力,不仅没有出现“外资撤离潮”,反而吸引巴斯夫、宝马、大众集团等众多企业持续扩大在华投资,足见各国企业仍看重中国市场的规模和安全性。

At the same time, to sustain the momentum for high-quality development, China must straighten out the production, distribution, circulation and consumption links of the domestic market to meet domestic demands. In this regard, China has a huge domestic market demand advantage. China has a population of 1.4 billion, a labor force of 900 million, more than 400 million people in middle-income group and over 100 million market players. According to an IMF forecast, the global economy will suffer a 3% negative growth in 2020. However, with a huge potential, high resilience, sufficient room for manoeuvre and many policy tools, the Chinese economy has moved steadily in work and production resumption and progressed substantially in many areas after taking the lead in recovering from the pandemic. Above-scale industrial added value rose 4.8% year-on-year for the fourth consecutive month in July, while retail sales rose 0.2%, the first positive growth since the beginning of this year. Even when China was worst hit by the pandemic and confronted with epidemic escalation risks and groundless foreign accusations and threats of economic sanctions, there was not any ‘wave of foreign capital withdrawal’. Instead, BASF, BMW, Volkswagen Group and many other companies continued increasing investment in China, a sufficient proof of the corporate world’s view of the size and safety of the Chinese market.

 

提高国内循环水平是主体,深化高水平对外开放、打通国际循环脉络则是整体。改革开放40年来,中国把握潮流,将对外开放作为基本国策,主动加快了与世界融合的步伐,赢得了发展的黄金期。目前全球化发展红利放缓,中国打造新发展格局,依然需要用改革开放的办法破局,以更高水平的对外开放为强大支撑,激发新形势下中国参与国际合作和竞争的潜力和优势。

While the domestic market plays the central role in the new development pattern, a high-level opening up and the international market complement is also as part of the integral whole. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, China has grasped the trend and taken opening-up as its basic state policy by pro-actively quickening the pace of integration with the rest of the world, thus winning a golden period of development. At present, albeit a slower growth of the dividend of globalized development, China still needs to reform and open up to forge the new development pattern and stimulate its potentials and advantages in international cooperation and competition in the new situation with the strong support of a higher-level opening up.

 

今天的世界,单边主义、保护主义甚嚣尘上,但经济全球化仍是历史潮流,各国分工合作、互利共赢仍是长期趋势。中国将坚定不移推动和引领经济全球化、加强科技领域国际合作、打造世界级经济平台、推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展,与世界共享巨大的市场机遇。中国也持续打造市场化、法治化、国际化营商环境。疫情之下,中国外商投资法落地实施、《海南自由贸易港建设总体方案》正式出炉、外商投资准入负面清单继续“瘦身”、第三届进口博览会官宣时间……中国在修炼“内功”的同时,也一直加速推进开放脚步,为其他国家提供更广阔的市场机会。

In today’s world, unilateralism and protectionism have caused a great clamour, but economic globalization still carries the historical currents. Cross-country division of labour and cooperation for mutual benefit and win-win cooperation still remain a long-term trend. China will steadfastly advance and lead economic globalization, strengthen international cooperation in science and technology, build a world-class economic platform and promote high-quality development within the Belt and Road Initiative to share its huge market opportunities with the world. China will also continue building a market-oriented international business environment based on the rule of law. Pandemic response did not stop the country from implementing its Foreign Investment Law, introducing the overall plan for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, shortening the Negative List of Foreign Investment Admittance, official announcing the dates of the 3rd International Import Expo... While strengthening itself, China has been accelerating the pace of opening up, with greater market opportunities for other countries.

 

当前和今后一个时期,中国发展仍然处于战略机遇期。中国开放的大门不会关闭,只会越开越大。凡是愿意同中国合作的国家、地区和企业,中国都会积极开展合作。阿富汗是中国传统友好近邻,中方比任何国家都更希望看到阿富汗实现和平稳定与重建发展,衷心希望阿人内部谈判取得良好成果。今年是两国建交65周年,中方愿同阿方传承友好,在“一带一路”框架下加强同阿合作,充分利用中阿巴三方外长对话机制等次区域合作机制,有效发挥阿富汗独特地理优势,服务阿经济利益;加强地区互联互通,推动中巴经济走廊项目向阿富汗延伸,并与中亚国家联通;帮助阿加强基础设施、民生设施和医疗设施建设,改善营商环境和民生福祉,包括修建太阳能电站、低造价住房、大学和医院等。中方将扩大从阿进口,帮阿改进制造业。中国将继续坚定支持阿分享“新发展格局”下的更多经济红利,共建中阿命运共同体。

At present and for some time to come, China will still enjoy a period of strategic opportunities. The door of China’s opening up will not close. It will only open wider. China will actively cooperate with all countries, regions and enterprises that are willing to cooperate with China. Afghanistan is China’s traditional friend and close neighbour. More than any other country, China hopes to see peace, stability, reconstruction and development in Afghanistan. We sincerely hope that the intra-Afghan negotiation will yield good results. This year marks the 65th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between our two countries. China is ready to carry forward our friendship, strengthen cooperation within the Belt and Road framework and make full use of sub-regional cooperation mechanisms such as the trilateral foreign ministers’ dialogue between China, Afghanistan and Pakistan to effectively tap the unique geographical advantages of Afghanistan and serve its economic interests. We will strengthen regional connectivity and extend the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor into Afghanistan and towards Central Asian countries. We will help Afghanistan to strengthen infrastructure, livelihood facilities and medical facilities and improve its business environment and people’s well-beings, including by building solar power stations, low-cost housing, universities and hospitals. China will expand imports from Afghanistan and help Afghanistan improve its manufacturing sector. China will, as always, firmly support Afghanistan in sharing more economic dividends in China’s new development pattern towards a community of shared future between us.