中国经济增长使新西兰获益

Positives for New Zealand in China’s Growth

 

吴玺大使在《新西兰先驱报》发表署名文章

A Signed Article Published in New Zealand Herald by Ambassador Wu Xi

 

2019年1月4日

January 4, 2019

 

当前，全球经济深刻调整，保护主义、单边主义抬头，经济合作遭遇波折，多边主义和自由贸易体制面临越来越大挑战。作为世界第二大经济体，中国一直是人们关注的焦点。人们有理由担心，中国经济无法保持高速增长，可能会对新西兰等国带来影响。中国经济发展前景如何？为回答这个问题，我们有必要回顾一下历史。

The global economy is in a period of profound change. Protectionism and unilateralism are resurgent, economic cooperation faces headwinds and multilateralism and the free trade system are increasingly challenged. As the world’s second largest economy, China is constantly in the spotlight. There are legitimate concerns that China’s economy is no longer able to maintain its speed, which could impact on countries such as New Zealand. What are the prospects for China’s economy looking forward? This article aims to address this question. To do this however, some historical reflection is necessary.

 

去年是中国改革开放40周年。40年来，中国经济社会发展取得巨大成就。自1978年以来，按照可比价格计算，中国国内生产总值年均增长约9.5%；中国对外贸易额年均增长14.5%。对于普通中国人来说，这意味着生活上从短缺走向充裕、从贫困走向小康。根据联合国现行标准，7亿多贫困人口成功脱贫，占同期全球减贫人口总数70%以上。

This year marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up. Over the past four decades, great strides have been made in China’s economic and social development. Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up process in 1978, GDP has averaged an annual growth rate of around 9.5 per cent in comparable prices and its foreign trade has registered annual growth of 14.5 per cent. For everyday Chinese, this has meant emerging from a life of shortages and poverty to one where many can enjoy a moderately prosperous life. According to current UN standards, more than 700 million Chinese people have been lifted out of poverty, accounting for more than 70 per cent of the global total over the same period.

 

中国将坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，践行创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念。当前，中国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段。中国将更加注重发展质量而不是增长速度，更加注重全面协调发展而不是狭义的经济增长，更加注重人民的获得感而不是单纯的经济增速。可持续消费、信息消费等新型消费方式快速增长，推动中国2018年国内生产总值强劲增长6.5%至6.7%。根据全球标准，从就业、物价、财政收入、劳动生产率等主要经济指标看，中国经济表现良好。

China follows a people-centred development philosophy and a development vision that features innovative, coordinated, green and open development for the benefit of all. At present, China’s economy is in transition from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. China will continue to put emphasis on the quality rather than speed of growth, and on more comprehensive and coordinated development rather than narrowly defined economic growth, on the real and tangible benefits people get, rather than just aggregate growth rate. New forms of consumption, such as sustainable consumer behaviour and information consumption, are growing rapidly in China, helping drive strong GDP growth of 6.5-6.7 per cent in 2018. Looking at the main economic indicators such as job creation, consumer prices, government revenue and productivity, China’s economy is clearly performing well by global standards.

 

同时，世界经贸环境发生变化，不可避免地给中国经济带来影响，经济保持平稳运行的难度加大。但中国物质技术基础厚实，产业配套能力强，城乡和区域发展空间广。随着经济结构不断优化调整，人力资源丰富且素质日益提高，全社会创业创新更加活跃，宏观调控还有不少创新手段和政策储备，市场需求将进一步扩大。因此，我们有充足的理由对中国经济充满信心。

At the same time, China’s economy is affected by changes in the global economic and trade environment, which can make it difficult to maintain stability. Nevertheless, China boasts a solid material and technological foundation, a fairly complete industrial system, and broad space for continued urban-rural and regional development. It also enjoys strong market demand as a result of economic restructuring, an increasingly competent and skilled human resource base, a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem, and a reserve of innovative measures and policy tools for macro regulation. Given all these factors, there are enough reasons to be confident about China’s economy.

 

在博鳌亚洲论坛2018年年会和首届中国国际进口博览会上，习近平主席重申，中国将大幅度放宽市场准入，加大保护知识产权力度，创造更具吸引力的投资和营商环境。对外开放是过去40年来中国高质量发展的基础。

At the recent Bo’ao Forum for Asia and the China International Import Expo in Shanghai, President Xi Jinping reiterated China’s commitment to opening-up by significantly expanding market access, protecting intellectual property rights, and making the investment and business environment more attractive. Greater openness is fundamental to building on the high-quality development China has undergone over the past 40 years.

 

在保持自身经济稳定发展的同时，中国也为世界经济发展作出巨大贡献。多年来，中国经济对世界经济增长的贡献率一直保持在30%以上。展望未来，中国将在已获得140多个国家和国际组织支持的“一带一路”框架下，努力打造开放、包容、合作的平台。过去五年，中国与“一带一路”相关国家的货物贸易额累计超过5万亿美元，对外直接投资超过600亿美元，为当地创造20多万个就业岗位。未来15年，中国进口商品和服务将分别超过30万亿美元和10万亿美元。通过共建“一带一路”，中国将始终是全球共同开放的重要推动者、世界经济增长的稳定动力源和全球治理改革的积极贡献者。

Alongside its own steady economic development, China’s growth has contributed greatly to growth and development in other countries. For many years, China has accounted for more than a third of total global economic growth. Looking ahead, China is focused on building a platform for open and inclusive cooperation between countries in the form of the Belt and Road Initiative, currently supported by more than 140 countries and international organisations. Over the past five years, China’s trade with Belt and Road countries has exceeded $5 trillion and outward direct investment has amounted to over $60 billion, creating more than 200,000 local jobs. In the coming 15 years, China’s import of goods and services is expected to exceed US$30 trillion and US$10 trillion respectively. Through the Belt and Road, China will remain a strong advocate of openness at the global level, and will continue to act as an engine of global growth and an active supporter of global governance reform.

 

中国的发展对新西兰意味着什么？中新两国在多个领域优势互补明显。新西兰在清洁和可再生能源方面处于世界领先地位，科学创新也呈现较强实力。中新两国在上述领域具有广阔的合作空间。可以说，随着中国经济的不断发展，新西兰将获益更多，未来两国关系将更加强劲。

What does this mean for New Zealand specifically? In many areas, China and New Zealand have comparative advantages that complement each other. New Zealand is a leader in clean and renewable energy, an area of great interest to China. New Zealand also has a strong capability in science research and innovation, and real scope exists for China to collaborate with New Zealand in these fields. It’s fair to say that with the ongoing development of China’s economy, more benefits can be obtained by New Zealand and the future of China-New Zealand relations will remain strong.

 

中方始终高度重视发展中新关系。展望更加绿色、开放、创新的未来，中方愿与新方在共同目标和利益的基础上开展务实合作，造福两国和两国人民

China has always attached great importance to its relations with New Zealand. Looking toward our shared future – greener, more open and more innovative, China stands ready to work with New Zealand on the basis of common goals and shared interests, for the benefit of both our countries, and all our people.