马朝旭大使在安理会审议叙利亚人道局势问题时的发言

Statement by Ambassador Ma Zhaoxu on the Humanitarian Situation in Syria

 

2018年12月13日

December 13, 2018

 

主席先生，

Mr. President,

 

中国对刚刚通过的叙利亚跨境人道救援措施延期决议草案投了弃权票。

China abstained in the voting on resolution 2449 (2018) on renewing the measures for cross-border humanitarian assistance to Syria.

 

中方认为，国际社会在叙利亚开展人道救援行动，应遵守联合国人道救援指导原则及相关国际法规定，恪守中立、公正和非政治化原则，确保叙利亚境内所有地区、有人道需要的民众获得及时救助。跨境人道救援措施是在特定形势下采取的特殊救援方式，应充分尊重叙利亚的主权、独立、统一和领土完整，严格按照安理会决议进行。有关行动应由联合国全程监督，增加透明度，应注意同叙利亚政府加强协调，并切实防止援助物资落入恐怖组织之手。

China is of the view that the international community’s humanitarian operations in Syria should abide by the principles that guide United Nations humanitarian work, as well as the relevant provisions of international law, and scrupulously observe the principles of neutrality, impartiality and non-politicization, while ensuring that all areas in Syria and all the population in need receive timely assistance. Cross-border humanitarian assistance is a special modality in response to a set of specific circumstances. It must fully respect the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Syria and proceed in strict compliance with Council resolutions. Actions in that regard should be placed under the oversight of the United Nations, throughout the process, with greater transparency. Due attention should be accorded to better coordination with the Syrian Government and practical measures should be put in place to prevent aid supplies from falling into the hands of terrorist groups.

 

中方赞赏科威特、瑞典作为共同提案国，在叙利亚跨境人道救援措施延期决议草案磋商中，采纳成员国提出的协助叙利亚难民返乡、改进人道救援行动、调整秘书长报告频率等建议。同时，包括中方等成员提出的一些合理关切未被充分采纳，决议草案仍有改进空间。我们认为，安理会应进一步就此协商，以寻求最大共识。

China commends Kuwait and Sweden in their roles as co-penholders for taking on board proposals from Member States regarding, inter alia, facilitating the return of Syrian refugees, improving humanitarian operations and adjusting the frequency of the reports of the Secretary-General over the course of the consultations on the resolution. Nevertheless, some legitimate concerns raised by members of the Council, including China, were not fully taken on board. There was still room for improvement. We are of the view that members of the Council should continue to engage on that in order to maximize consensus.

 

我感谢洛科克副秘书长的通报，赞赏联合国及有关各方为改善叙利亚人道局势所作努力。关于当前叙利亚人道局势，中方愿分享以下看法：

I would like to thank Under-Secretary-General Mark Lowcock for his briefing. I also commend the efforts of the United Nations and other actors concerned to improve the humanitarian situation in Syria. China would like to share its perspective on the current humanitarian situation in Syria:

 

第一，叙利亚总体人道形势依然严峻。多年冲突造成叙利亚需要援助的人数众多、基础设施破败，面临食品不足、缺医少药等困境。叙利亚北部、东部局势依然脆弱，平民伤亡持续发生，人道形势恶化的风险犹存。

First, the humanitarian situation in Syria on the whole remains grim. Many years of conflict have left Syria with a large number of people in need of assistance, crumbling infrastructure, food insecurity and a lack of medical care and medicines. The situation in northern and eastern Syria remains fragile. Civilian casualties persist, as does the risk of a deterioration of the humanitarian situation.

 

第二，叙利亚安全形势总体平稳，全境范围内冲突下降，改善人道状况具备更有利环境。《稳定伊德利卜冲突降级区局势的备忘录》执行虽遇到一些阻碍，但总体仍在落实。11月底举行的阿斯塔纳对话会为推进叙利亚局势持续改善、巩固停火止暴继续发挥重要作用。

Secondly, the security situation in Syria is stable on the whole. Conflict has eased throughout the country, which provides a more favourable environment for improving the humanitarian situation. Although the implementation of the Memorandum on the Stabilization of the Situation in the Idlib De-escalation Zone has encountered some obstacles, the implementation process is by and large under way. The Astana dialogue at the end of November continues to play an important role in the continued improvement of the Syrian situation and in consolidating the cessation of hostilities and violence.

 

第三，叙利亚人道援助需求发生新变化。随着叙利亚有关地区局势好转，从约旦、黎巴嫩等邻国返回的叙利亚难民人数上升，联合国难民署预计2019年可达25万人。重返家园的流离失所人员稳步增加。修复和重建住房、供水、电力、医疗和教育设施是基本需求，清除地雷等战争遗留爆炸物成为当务之急。

Thirdly, Syria’s humanitarian assistance needs have recently changed. As the situation in some parts of Syria improves, the number of Syrian refugees returning from neighbouring countries such as Jordan and Lebanon is on the rise. The projections of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees put this number at a quarter of a million in 2019. The number of internally displaced persons returning to their homes has also steadily increased. The restoration or reconstruction of housing and of water, electricity, medical and educational facilities is a basic requirement, and the removal of mines and other explosive remnants of war is now a top priority.

 

主席先生，

Mr. President,

 

面对当前局势，叙利亚各方应从国家前途和人民福祉出发，遵守安理会有关决议，通过对话协商解决分歧，推动叙利亚保持稳定，防止冲突升级，继续为缓解人道局势创造条件。

In view of the current situation, the Syrian parties should put the greater good of national destiny and people’s well-being first, respect the relevant Council resolutions, resolve differences through dialogue and consultation, work together to keep Syria stable, prevent an escalation of conflict, and continue to create enabling conditions to ease the country’s humanitarian situation.

 

国际社会应进一步加大对叙利亚人民的资金和物资援助，加大对黎巴嫩、约旦、土耳其等叙利亚难民接收国的支持。同时，国际社会应加大努力，改善返乡叙利亚难民和流离失所人员的人道状况，为其安居乐业创造条件，包括重建基础设施。

It is incumbent upon the international community to further increase its assistance – financial and in kind – to the Syrian people and intensify support for the host countries of Syrian refugees, including Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey. At the same time, the international community should step up its efforts to improve the humanitarian condition of returning Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons and create supportive conditions, whereby they can live and work happily in peace. Part of this process is the reconstruction of infrastructure.

 

当前，叙利亚局势为政治解决进程提供了机会窗口。国际社会应坚定支持联合国发挥斡旋主渠道作用，推动叙利亚各方根据“叙人主导、叙人所有”原则和安理会第2254号决议，通过谈判达成兼顾各方关切的解决方案。只有这样，才能从根本上缓解叙利亚面临的人道问题，叙利亚问题才能获得全面、公正和妥善解决。

The current situation in Syria is offering a window of opportunity for the political settlement process. The international community should firmly support the role of the United Nations as the main channel of mediation and push the Syrian parties to come to a solution that addresses the concerns of all parties through negotiations, based on the principle that the process should be Syrian-led and Syrian-owned and in accordance with Council resolution 2254 (2015). Only by so doing can we truly ease the humanitarian woes facing Syria once and for all, leading to a comprehensive, just and proper settlement of the Syrian issue.

 

谢谢主席先生。

Thank you, Mr. President.