驻加拿大大使卢沙野在加中友协“一带一路”座谈会上的讲话
Remarks by Ambassador Lu Shaye at the Symposium of the Belt and Road Initiative Held by Canada-China Friendship Society
2018年4月17日
17 April 2018
加中友协共同主席蔡燕玲女士，
前加中友协共同主席罗伊·艾特肯森先生，
女士们，先生们，朋友们，
Ms. Amelia Choi, Co-President of Canada-China Friendship Society,
Mr. Roy Atkinson, former Co-President of Canada-China Friendship Society,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Friends,
大家晚上好！
Good evening!
很高兴参加加中友协举办的这次活动，并就“一带一路”倡议等问题与大家交流。“一带一路”倡议提出4年多来，已从理念转化为行动，从愿景转变为现实，建设成果丰硕，给很多国家带来了实实在在的利益。但同时这个倡议也受到一些误解甚至是非议。有人说它是中国进行地缘战略扩张的工具，有人说它加重了一些国家的债务负担。事实究竟是怎样的呢？我很愿意与大家交流一下自己的看法。
It is my great pleasure to be with you tonight at the invitation of the Canada-China Friendship Society, and exchange with you on China’s Belt and Road Initiative and other issues. Over the past 4 years or so since the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed, it has been transformed from concept to action, and from vision to reality, yielding fruitful construction outcomes and bringing substantial benefits to many countries. However, the initiative is also misunderstood and even reproached at the same time. Some people say it is a tool that China employs for geographical and strategic expansion, and others say that it increases the debt burden of some countries. What is the truth on earth? I would like to share my views with you all.
首先，“一带一路”到底是一个什么样的倡议呢？“一带一路”就是“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的简称，这是2013年中国国家主席习近平在出访中亚和东南亚国家期间分别提出的。
First, what is the Belt and Road Initiative? It is the abbreviation for the “Silk Road Economic Belt” and the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road”, which were respectively put forward by President Xi Jinping during his visits to the countries in Central Asia and Southeast Asia in 2013.
这一倡议核心内容是对接各国政策和发展战略，深化务实合作，促进协调联动发展，实现共同繁荣。合作的重点领域是政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通和民心相通。
The core content of the initiative is to strengthen complementarity of the national policies and development strategies between China and relevant countries, deepen their practical cooperation, promote coordinated and interconnected development, and achieve common prosperity. The priorities of cooperation are policy communication, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people bonds.
这一倡议涵盖历史上陆上丝绸之路和海上丝绸之路行经的国家和地区，远远超出地理意义上的一个“带”或一条“路”，重点面向亚欧非大陆，同时向世界各国开放，不论来自亚洲、欧洲，还是非洲、美洲，都是“一带一路”建设国际合作的伙伴，这是一个具有全球意义的综合性合作平台，是新时期中国为推动世界经济发展提供的一项国际公共产品。
The initiative covers the countries and regions along the routes of the Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Road in history, but is far beyond a “belt” or a “road” in terms of geography. It focuses on the Asian, European and African continents, but is also open to other countries across the globe. All countries, either from Asia, Europe, Africa or America, are partners in the international cooperation of the Belt and Road construction. It serves as a comprehensive cooperation platform with global significance, and it is an international public product provided by China to promote the development of global economy in the new era.
自该倡议提出以来，全球100多个国家和国际组织积极支持和参与“一带一路”建设，并取得丰富的早期收获。一批铁路、港口、管网等重大基础设施项目正在建设。2017年5月，在北京举行了“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，与会各方通过协商，进一步明确了未来“一带一路”的合作方向，规划了“一带一路”建设的具体路线图，确立了未来一段时间的重点领域和路径，确定了一批“一带一路”将实施的重点项目。
Since the initiative was put forward, more than 100 countries and international organizations worldwide have supported and participated in the Belt and Road construction actively, scoring remarkable early achievements. A number of major infrastructure projects including railways, ports and pipe networks are under construction. In May 2017, the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation was held in Beijing. Through consultations, all parties at the Forum have further defined the direction of cooperation, charted the roadmap of building, decided the main cooperation areas in the near future, as well as laid out the major projects to be implemented for the Belt and Road construction.
第二，中国为什么要提出“一带一路”倡议？历史是最好的老师。历史上，我们的先辈分别开辟出联通亚欧非的陆上丝绸之路和连接东西方的海上丝绸之路。古丝绸之路打开了各国友好交往的窗口，为人类的进步发展做出重大贡献。经过千年的积淀，古丝绸之路给我们留下了以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神。这是人类文明的宝贵遗产。在当今时代，世界多极化、经济全球化、社会信息化、文化多样化深入发展，各国之间的联系更加紧密。但与此同时，我们也面临着各种挑战，世界经济增长动力不足，地区发展不平衡，地区热点持续动荡，恐怖主义蔓延肆虐。世界需要一个新的平台，以汇集各国力量，共谋发展进步，维护世界和平。正是在这种背景下，中国国家主席借鉴古丝绸之路精神，提出了“一带一路”倡议。
Second, why does China propose the Belt and Road Initiative? History is the best teacher. Back in ancient time, our ancestors respectively pioneered the transcontinental passage connecting Asia, Europe and Africa, and the Maritime Silk Road linking the East and the West. The ancient silk routes opened the window for friendly exchanges among the countries, making tremendous contributions to the progress and development of human beings. The ancient silk routes, after thousands of years of accumulation, left us the spirit of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit, which is the precious legacy of human civilization. In this era, the in-depth development of multi-polarization, economic globalization, social informatization and cultural diversity has promoted closer ties among countries. At the same time, we are confronted with challenges of various kinds, such as insufficient growth drive for global economy, disparity of regional development, increasing regional hotspot issues, and raging terrorism. Therefore, the world needs a new platform to pool the strength of all countries to seek common development and safeguard world peace. It is against such background that China’s President, by learning from the spirit of ancient silk routes, set forth the Belt and Road Initiative.
第三，“一带一路”建设是如何开展的？首先，“一带一路”不是“无中生有”，而是基于各国现有的发展战略，通过相关国家间的政策协调，优势互补，推动共同发展。其次，“一带一路”坚持共商、共建、共享的原则，就是说，大家一起商量，一起做事，一起受益。所以我们说，“一带一路”不是中国一家的“独角戏”，而是各国共同参与的“大合唱”。第三，在具体合作上，“一带一路”坚持政府主导、企业主体、市场运作，所有项目均经过认真的可行性研究和市场化论证，以确保应有的经济和社会效益。为“一带一路”提供重要融资支持的亚洲基础设施投资银行，有84个成员，其中既有亚洲国家，也包括英、法、德等许多西方国家，完全是一个国际性的融资机构，采用国际通用的环境、社会和能源标准，不可能出现东道国债务负担过重，受中国操纵的现象。
Third, how is the Belt and Road construction carried out? In the first place, instead of being created out of nothing, the Belt and Road Initiative is based on existing development strategies of all countries. It promotes common development through policy coordination and advantage complementarities among relevant countries. Secondly, it sticks to the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, which is to say that we consult together, work together, and enjoy the benefits together. Therefore, it is fair to say that Belt and Road construction is the great chorus joined by all countries rather than a solo show of China. Thirdly, as for specific cooperation, Belt and Road adheres to the government-led, enterprise-operated and market-based pattern. All projects have been examined by feasibility study and market-based argumentation to ensure due economic and social benefits. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, which provides important financing support for the Belt and Road construction, consists of 84 members, including Asian countries as well as western countries such as the UK, France and Germany. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank is an international financial institution which adopts international standards of environment, society and energy. It is impossible that borrowing countries are overburdened with debt and manipulated by China.
第四，中国在“一带一路”建设中扮演什么样的角色？简单来说，中国是“一带一路”倡议的倡导者和推动者，也是平等的合作者。中国既不会利用这一倡议进行地缘战略扩张，也从未想过对“一带一路”合作大包大揽，而一直是对有关合作予以力所能及的帮助，并激发其他合作方的相应支持。作为世界上最大的发展中国家，中国人民深知美好生活来之不易，也真心希望各国人民过上好日子。因此，我们推动在全球更大范围内整合资源，形成合力，共同繁荣。2014年中方出资设立了丝路基金，截至2017年底，已签约17个项目，承诺投资70亿美元。2015年成立的亚洲基础设施投资银行至今批准了总额40多亿美元的20多个投资项目。迄今，中方已经同86个国家和组织签署了“一带一路”合作协议，在20多个国家建设75个境外经贸合作区，为有关国家创造大量税收和就业岗位。
Fourth, what role does China play in the Belt and Road construction? To put it simply, China is not only the initiator and impeller, but also an equal collaborator of the initiative. China will neither make use of the initiative to conduct the expansion of geographical strategies, nor think about taking full charge of the cooperation. Instead, China always provides assistance for the related cooperation within its capacity and at the same time encourages the corresponding support from other sides. As the largest developing country in the world, China understands well that happy life cannot be earned easily, and we sincerely hope that people in all countries can live a better life. To this end, we advocate integrating resources and forming synergy on a larger scale in the world to achieve common prosperity. China invested and set up the Silk Road Fund in 2014, and by the end of 2017, 17 projects have been signed with the promise of investing 7 billion U.S. dollars. At present, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank set up in 2015 has approved over 20 investment projects with the total amount of more than 4 billion U.S. dollars. As of today, China has signed cooperation agreements on the Belt and Road construction with 86 countries and organizations, and established 75 overseas economic and trade cooperation zones in over 20 countries, creating large amounts of tax revenue and jobs for relevant countries.
加拿大是亚太地区重要国家，在交通、通讯、清洁能源、金融服务、人才培训等方面有自己的优势，完全可以通过积极参与“一带一路”建设而受益。加拿大已加入亚洲基础设施投资银行，这为加拿大参与“一带一路”基础设施建设提供了有利条件。2016年不列颠哥伦比亚省政府和中国广东省政府签署有关“一带一路”的合作文件，今年1月中国政府发表《中国的北极政策》白皮书，表示中国愿依托北极航道的开发利用，与各方共建“冰上丝绸之路”。中方希望加积极参与到“一带一路”建设进程中来。
As an important country in Asia-Pacific region, Canada boasts its own advantages in such aspects as transportation, communication, clean energy, financial services and personnel training. Therefore, it could enjoy benefits by playing an active role in the Belt and Road construction. Canada has joined the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, which provides favorable conditions for the country to participate in the Belt and Road infrastructure construction. In 2016, the British Columbia government signed cooperation documents on Belt and Road with People’s Government of Guangdong Province of China. This January the Chinese government published a White Paper: China’s Arctic Policy, stating that China hopes to work with all parties to build a “Polar Silk Road” through developing the Arctic shipping routes. China hopes that Canada will participate in the construction of Belt and Road in an active manner.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and gentlemen,
从发展趋势看，加拿大未来发展潜力在亚太，我们希望看到加真正加大对亚太地区的投入。而中国，无论是从经济体量，还是从发展前景看，都应该是加在亚太地区最理想的合作伙伴。我们希望加方真正认识到与中国加强合作的光明前景，与中方一道努力，将两国合作的蛋糕做大做好。当前，中加关系虽然发展顺利，但也面临着一些挑战，其中最关键的还是加方如何看待中国。我提出以下几个问题，希望能引起加方的注意。
In the long run, it is believed that Canada shall rely on Asia-Pacific region to release its future development potential. We hope Canada to earnestly increase its investment in Asia-Pacific region. And China, no matter by size of its economy or by its prospects, should become Canada’s most ideal partner in the region. We hope that Canada can truly recognize the bright future of strengthening cooperation with China, and work with us to make the pie of cooperation bigger and better. Of course, the current China-Canada relations, even though smoothly developed, still face some challenges, among which the key question is Canada’s perception of China. I am going to make some points that I wish could draw the attention of the Canadian side.
第一，国家安全概念不能无限扩大，不能什么都贴上“国家安全”的标签。最近一个时期，中加企业间的正常投资并购被称为是威胁了加国家安全，加议员到中国访问威胁了加国家安全，甚至杜撰中国对加“渗透”威胁了加国家安全。某些人简直是要草木皆兵了。中国没有那么可怕，我们也从未想过要对加拿大怎么样。希望加方调整好自己的心态，不要老戴着有色眼镜看中国，更不要以国家安全为由为两国合作制造障碍。
First, the concept of national security should not be boundlessly expanded, and the label of “national security” cannot be arbitrarily attached to everything. Recently, the normal investment and acquisition between the Chinese and Canadian enterprises were regarded as posing threats to Canada’s national security. Canadian parliament members’ visits to China were regarded as posing threats to Canada’s national security. The so-called “penetration” of China into Canada, which was a total fabrication, was regarded as threats to Canada’s national security. Some people are in a state of extreme nervousness. China is not that formidable, and we never think about doing anything harmful to Canada. We hope Canada could adjust its mindset and do not always see China through tinted glasses, nor create barriers for two countries’ cooperation at the excuse of national security.
第二，不要妖魔化中国国有企业。国企是中国社会主义制度的一个本质性现象，是中国国民经济的支柱，说白了，就是中国人的饭碗。而加方某些人视中国国企为“怪物”，谈到中国国企就离不开“听命于中国政府”、“国家补贴”、“不正当竞争”、“腐败”等这几个字眼。实际上，他们是企图通过诋毁中国国企，打压中国企业的竞争力。这种手法是不道德的，也是徒劳的。实际上，许多西方国家都有国有企业，加拿大也有。国有企业是国家发展的需要，多和少、大和小，只是根据各国需要不同而定。
Second, do not demonize the state-owned enterprises of China. As an essential phenomenon of China’s socialist system, the state-owned enterprise constitutes the pillar of China’s national economy, and frankly speaking, it is what Chinese people’s livelihood relies on. However, some people in Canada regard Chinese state-owned enterprises as “monsters”. When it comes to the state-owned enterprises in China, words like “being submissive to the Chinese government”, “national subsidy”, “unfair competition”, or “corruption” are often mentioned. In fact, these people attempt to weaken the competitiveness of Chinese enterprises by defamation. These approaches are immoral and will be in vain. In fact, state-owned enterprises can be found in many western countries, including Canada. Their existence is demanded by a country’s need of development, while their numbers and sizes vary accordingly.
第三，打破意识形态的思维定式，客观理性地看待中国。加方有些人一提到中国第一反应就是“非民主国家”，而“非民主国家”的发展就要对世界秩序构成威胁。我认为，东西方社会制度、意识形态的差异是客观存在的，不能因为这些不同就把对方视为威胁，更何况不同政治制度和意识形态好坏的评判标准是什么？用谁的标准来评判？用西方标准来评判就会认为西方的东西是好的，中国的是坏的。但要是拿中国标准来评判呢？那我们是不是应该把西方国家视为中国的威胁呢？事实上我们没有。各国的政治制度和意识形态只要符合本国国情就是合理的，中国现有的政治制度是最符合中国国情的，中国取得的巨大发展成就便是最有说服力的证明。民主政治在不同社会制度下也会有不同表现，不能说只有自己的才是民主，而别人跟我不一样就都不是民主。当前，是时候用务实的态度和战略眼光来取代成见，迈出对华关系的新步伐了。
Third, break the stereotype of ideology and view China objectively and rationally. When mentioning China, some people in Canada would immediately regard it as a “non-democratic country”, whose development poses threats to global order. As far as I am concerned, differences between eastern and western social systems and ideologies are objective existences, and we should not treat each other as threats because of these differences. Furthermore, what is the criterion to judge good or bad social systems and ideologies? Whose standard is to be used? If the western standard were employed, then things in the West are good while those in China are bad. But what if China’s standard were used? Should we regard western countries as the threats to China? Actually, we do not. Every country’s social systems and ideologies are legitimate and rational as long as they are tailored to their national conditions. The existing political system in China fits well with China’s national conditions, and the considerable development achievements gained by China is the most convincing evidence. Under different social systems, political democracy performs differently. People cannot say that only their own democracy is true and those different from theirs are not. Now it’s time for those Canadian people to replace stereotype with a realistic attitude and strategic vision, and take new steps for developing relations with China.
今天我们在这里讨论“一带一路”建设，实际上更重要的是理解开放包容、互利共赢的“丝绸之路精神”。只要我们继续秉持“丝绸之路精神”，就一定能共同开辟路路相连、美美与共的光明未来，中加关系也一定会迎来新“黄金时代”的美好明天。
Today, we are here to discuss the Belt and Road construction, but more importantly, we need to understand the “Silk Road Spirit” characterized by openness and inclusiveness as well as mutual benefit and win-win results. As long as we continue upholding the “Silk Road Spirit”, we can work together to usher in a promising future where all roads are connected, every culture or values is cherished, and the China-Canada relations will embrace a better future in the new “golden era”.
谢谢大家！
Thank you!