促进全球人权事业发展，构建人类命运共同体
Advance the Global Human Rights Cause and Build a Community
with a Shared Future for Mankind
在首届“南南人权论坛”开幕式上的致辞
Address at the Opening Ceremony
of the First South-South Human Rights Forum
中华人民共和国外交部部长 王毅
H.E. Wang Yi,
Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China
2017年12月7日
7 December 2017
各位嘉宾、各位朋友：
Distinguished Guests,
Friends,
我谨代表外交部对首届“南南人权论坛”的召开表示衷心祝贺，对各位嘉宾的到来表示热烈欢迎。
On behalf of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, I would like to extend our sincere congratulations on the opening of the first South-South Human Rights Forum and our warm welcome to you all.
这次论坛是中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会胜利召开不久，在中国举办的一次高级别国际人权会议。十九大提出，要推动构建新型国际关系，推动构建人类命运共同体。这为解决人类社会向何处去提供了方案，也为人权事业的发展开创了契机。论坛以“构建人类命运共同体：南南人权发展的新机遇”为主题，具有重要和积极意义。刚才黄坤明部长宣读了习近平主席发来的贺信并发表重要讲话，为本次会议的成功提供了重要的指导。
This high-level international human rights forum is held not long after the successful conclusion of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The Congress identified the goal of forging a new form of international relations and building a community with a shared future for mankind. This is China’s answer to the question where the human society is heading, and it has also created opportunities for the development of the human rights cause. This forum, under the theme of “Building a Community of Shared Future for Human Beings: New Opportunity for South-South Human Rights Development”, is thus both relevant and important. President Xi Jinping’s congratulatory message delivered just now by Minister Huang Kunming, together with Minister Huang’s important remarks has provided important guidance for the success of the forum.
女士们、先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
人人得享人权，这是中国政府和人民不懈奋斗的目标。新中国成立以来，中国人民在中国共产党的领导下，上下求索，创造了人类历史上的发展奇迹，开辟了现代化的东方路径。
Human rights for all is what the Chinese government and people have been striving for. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, under the leadership of the CPC and through unremitting efforts, the Chinese people have scored unprecedented achievements in human history and blazed an oriental pathway toward modernization.
中国解决了13亿多人的温饱，减少了8亿多贫困人口，为7.7亿人提供了就业，建成世界最大规模的教育体系、最大规模的社保体系、最大规模的基层民主选举体系，谱写了中国人权进步的历史篇章，拓宽了国际人权保障的现实方案。
China has managed to meet the basic living needs of its 1.3 billion-plus people, lifted more than 800 million people out of poverty, and created 770 million jobs. We have put in place the world’s largest education system, social welfare system and community-level democratic election system, making historic progress in human rights development in China. China’s endeavors have also provided new viable solutions to challenges in the protection of human rights worldwide.
中国的实践表明：人权保障并非只有一种途径，各国都可以根据自己的国情和人民需要，找到适合自己的人权保障模式。中国人权事业取得举世瞩目的成就，关键是我们坚定不移走中国特色人权发展道路。
China’s experience shows that human rights can be protected in more than one way. Countries can find their own models of human rights protection in light of their national conditions and people’s needs. The key factor contributing to China’s remarkable achievements in its human rights endeavors is its firm commitment to a human rights development path with Chinese characteristics.
这是一条以国情为基础的道路。实践出真知。中国人权发展道路根植于5000年的文化传统，源自于近代以来170多年的艰辛探索，归功于新中国成立68年，特别是改革开放近40年来的伟大实践。我们坚持人权的普遍性与特殊性相结合，坚持民主和民生相促进，坚持和平与发展相协调，找到了一条具有中国特色的人权发展道路。
This is a path based on China’s reality. Experience is the mother of wisdom. China’s human rights development path is rooted in China’s 5000-year history and culture, inspired by our exploration and hard work of more than 170 years since modern times and underpinned by the great practice of the past 68 years since the founding of the People’s Republic, especially the great practice of reform and opening-up over the past four decades. By integrating the universal principles of human rights with China’s specific conditions, promoting mutually reinforcing progress in democracy and people’s well-being, and upholding peace and development in a holistic way, we have blazed a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.
这是一条以人民为中心的道路。人权之本在人，民主之义在民。中国人权发展道路始终以人民的利益为出发点和落脚点。我们坚持人民当家作主，发展社会主义协商民主，健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，拓宽民主渠道。我们坚持人民主体地位，增进人民福祉，促进人的全面发展、全体人民共同富裕。中国的人权状况如何，中国人民最有发言权。
This is a people-centered path. As human rights and democracy are all about the people, the ultimate goal of this path is to serve the interests of the Chinese people. By upholding the people’s role as masters of the state and developing socialist consultative democracy, we have worked to improve democracy, diversify its forms and expand its channels. By ensuring the principal status of our people, we have worked to enhance their well-being and promote well-rounded human development and common prosperity for everyone. The Chinese people know the best about China’s human rights situation and are in the best position to decide on China’s path of human rights development.
这是一条以发展为要务的道路。发展是硬道理。我们坚定不移贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，不断壮大经济实力。我们全力推进就业、医疗、教育、社保等民生工程，保证人民在共建共享发展中有更多获得感。我们切实落实《2030年可持续发展议程》，致力于消除贫困，不让一个人掉队。我们坚持同世界分享自身发展经验和机遇，为世界人权事业做出更大贡献，让中国梦与世界梦联接在一起。
This is a path where development is a top priority. We believe that development is what matters. We have pursued innovation-driven, coordinated, green, open and inclusive development to build up China’s economic strength. We have made every effort to advance people’s well-being in employment, health care, education and social security so that our people have a greater sense of fulfillment as they contribute to and gain from development. In the earnest implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, we are committed to leaving no one behind in our endeavor of poverty eradication. By sharing with the world China’s development experience and opportunities, we are connecting the Chinese dream with the dream of the world, making even more contribution to the human rights cause of the world.
这是一条以法治为准绳的道路。“法为治之端。”我们不断完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系，坚持法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设。我们全面推进以司法责任制改革为核心的司法体制改革，努力让公平正义的阳光照亮每个角落。我们坚定捍卫以《联合国宪章》为核心的国际法基本准则，倡导大小国家一律平等，反对人权政治化和“双重标准”，维护国际公平正义。
This is a path guided by the rule of law. As a Chinese adage goes, “Law is the very foundation of governance.” We have worked to improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, at the heart of which is the Constitution, and to promote the integrated development of rule of law for the country, the government and society. We have pressed ahead with the judicial system reform, centering around the judicial accountability reform to make fairness and justice prevail. In safeguarding international fairness and justice, China firmly upholds the basic principles of international law with the United Nations Charter at its core. We believe that all countries are equal regardless of their size, and we reject the politicization of human rights or the practice of double standards in the protection of human rights.
这是一条以开放为动力的道路。改革开放是当代中国最鲜明的特征。我们始终是世界多极化、经济全球化和文明多样化的支持者、推动者。我们秉持开放包容姿态，从中华文明中汲取智慧，从世界文化中博采众长，不僵化、不照搬，不断完善自身发展。我们尊重各国自主选择的发展道路和人权保障模式，主张在平等和相互尊重的基础上开展对话，交流互鉴，共同进步。
This is a path where opening-up is the driving force for growth. Reform and opening-up is the most distinctive feature of contemporary China. China has championed world multi-polarity, economic globalization and cultural diversity. To improve our own development, we have drawn on both the wisdom of our own civilization and the strengths of other cultures in the spirit of openness and inclusiveness. In this process, China refuses to stay insensitive to the changing times or blindly follow in others’ steps. We respect the development path and human rights protection model of other countries that are determined by their own free will. We stand for dialogue, exchanges and mutual learning for common progress on the basis of equality and mutual respect.
中共十九大制定了中国未来发展的总体目标。我们将在2020年全面建成小康社会、全面消除贫困，2035年基本实现社会主义现代化，2050年建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。蓝图已绘就，中国发展必将实现新的飞跃，人权事业也将掀开新的篇章。
The 19th National Congress of the CPC set the goal for China’s future development. By 2020, we will have finished the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and rooted out poverty. By 2035, we will have basically achieved modernization. By 2050, we will have developed China into a great modem socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious and beautiful. Under the guidance of this blueprint, China will scale new heights in its development and open a new chapter in its human rights cause.
女士们、先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
发展中国家始终是推进人权进步的重要力量。在抗击法西斯主义、军国主义、殖民主义和霸权主义的斗争中，发展中国家推动和参与制定了《世界人权宣言》、《给予殖民地国家和人民独立宣言》、《人权两公约》、《非洲人权和人民权利宪章》、《发展权利宣言》、《千年发展目标》、《2030年可持续发展议程》等一系列具有里程碑意义的国际文书，在确立独立权、生存权、经济社会文化权利、发展权、集体权等方面做出不可磨灭的贡献。
Developing countries have always been a staunch force in promoting human rights. In the struggles against fascism, militarism, colonialism and hegemonism, developing countries initiated and participated in the formulation of a series of milestone international instruments, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Declaration on the Minuting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights, the Declaration on the Right to Development, the Millennium Development Goals and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, making indelible contribution to the establishment of the right to independence, right to subsistence, economic, social and cultural rights, right to development, and collective rights.
未来全球人权事业发展仍离不开发展中国家的共同努力。面对全球和平赤字、发展赤字和人权赤字，发展中国家应当把握世界大势，顺应时代要求，推动构建相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系，推动构建人类命运共同体，为实现社会进步、民生改善和基本自由做出新努力。我谈几点看法：
The future development of the human rights cause cannot be advanced without the concerted efforts of developing countries. Facing the deficit in peace, development and human rights in various parts of the world, developing countries should, guided by the general trends and the demand of our times, forge a new form of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation, build a community with a shared future for mankind, and make new efforts for social progress, improved livelihood and fundamental freedoms. Let me share with you some of my thoughts:
坚持以和平促进人权。安全是最大的人权。和平是人类之福，战争是世界之祸。没有和平，何谈人权？没有安全，何谈尊严？
We need to promote human rights through peace. Security is the most important human right. Peace is a blessing for all and war is the common scourge to the world. What are human rights without peace? What is dignity without security?
我们要维护联合国宪章宗旨和原则，夯实和平的根基。历史经验和教训都告诉我们：无论形势如何变化，主权和领土完整、不干涉内政等基本准则都是国际关系的根基所在，动摇不得；无论时代如何发展，多边主义、集体安全机制等都是国际关系的重要支撑，违背不得。
We need to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and consolidate the foundation of peace. Historical experience and lessons tell us that no matter how the situation evolves, the basic principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity and non-interference in other countries’ internal affairs are still the unshakable foundation of international relations; no matter how the trend of the times develops, multilateralism and the collective security mechanism are still important pillars of international relations that should not be violated.
我们要打造对话不对抗、结伴不结盟的伙伴关系，拉紧和平的纽带。我们要推动各方摒弃强权政治和丛林法则，促进国际关系民主化、法治化。我们应秉承大小国家一律平等、不同文明一视同仁的原则，相互尊重，平等相待，对话解决争端，协商化解分歧。
We need to forge partnerships with dialogue rather than wage confrontation and promote friendship rather than alliance. We need to tighten the bond of peace. We need to urge various parties to abandon power politics and the law of the jungle and to promote greater democracy and the rule of law in international relations. We should adhere to the principle that all countries, big or small, are equal, and all civilizations should be treated as equals. We should accord each other equality and respect, and resolve disputes and differences through dialogue and consultation.
我们要树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，筑牢和平的屏障。面对恐怖主义、网络安全、气候变化等全球性威胁，各方不能事不关己、高高挂起，不能以邻为壑、转嫁危机，要同舟共济、合力应对。
We need to foster the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security and bolster the protection of peace. In the face of such global threats as terrorism, cyber security and climate change, no one should sit idly by or shift his troubles onto his neighbors. Joint commitment and concerted efforts are the only way out.
坚持以发展促进人权。对发展中国家来说，发展权是首要人权。全球仍有7亿多人口忍饥挨饿，超过1.28亿人亟需人道援助，6500多万人流离失所，2400万冲突地区儿童无法入学。这些都是严重“人权赤字”，亟需纠正，弥合鸿沟，补齐短板。
We need to promote human rights through development. The right to development is the primary human right for developing countries. There are still over 700 million people living in hunger, more than 128 million people in need of humanitarian assistance, over 65 million displaced, and 24 million children in conflict zones who cannot go to school. All these are serious “human rights deficit” that must be immediately addressed. The gap must be bridged and the challenges must be met.
我们要以消除贫困为核心，切实落实《2030年可持续发展议程》，将该议程纳入各国发展战略，平衡推进经济、社会、环境三大领域工作，确保人人得享发展成果，努力实现“零贫困”的目标。
We need to take poverty elimination as a central task, implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and incorporate it into our development strategies. We need to advance economic, social and environmental progress in a balanced manner and vigorously pursue the goal of “zero poverty” to ensure that development outcomes will benefit all.
我们要抓住新一轮科技革命和产业变革的历史性机遇，勇于改革创新，加速追赶工业化和现代化的大潮，实现“弯道超车”。发展中国家要发挥比较优势，分享发展经验，实现“跨越发展”。发达国家要切实履行承诺，在官方发展援助、减债、技术转让等方面迈出更坚实步伐，致力“共同发展”。
We need to seize the historic opportunity presented by the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, boost reform and innovation, speed up efforts to catch up with the trend of industrialization and modernization to realize “comer overtaking”. Developing countries need to leverage their competitive edges and share development experience to facilitate “leapfrog development”. Developed countries need to honor their commitments and take more and concrete measures in ODA, debt reduction and technology transfer to contribute to common development.
我们要维护开放型世界经济，推动建设公平公正、包容有序的国际经济金融体系，促进贸易和投资自由化便利化，为发展中国家发展创造有利外部环境。要引导经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展，让发展红利惠及每个国家、每个人。
We need to uphold an open world economy, build a fair, equitable, inclusive and orderly international economic and financial system, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and foster an enabling environment for the growth of developing countries. We should make economic globalization more open, inclusive, equitable, and balanced so that the development dividend will be shared by all countries and all peoples.
坚持以合作促进人权。人权的核心要义在于促进人的全面发展，根本手段在于平等合作。如果把人权当作整人的工具，终将害人害己；只有把人权当作合作的纽带，才能利己达人。我们要推动各方在平等和相互尊重的基础上，开展对话与合作。谁都没有资格充当“教师爷”，谁都没有权利对他国人权实践投出偏见的石子。
We need to promote human rights through cooperation. The essence of human rights is to promote the well-rounded human development. To attain the goal, equal-footed cooperation is the fundamental way. Human rights, when used as a means of pressure, will only hurt oneself as well as others, whereas serving as a bond of cooperation, human rights could benefit all. It is important to work for dialogue and cooperation between all parties on the basis of equality and mutual respect. No one is in a position to lecture others on human rights, nor has the right to level prejudiced accusations at other countries’ human rights practices.
世界上没有放之四海而皆准的标准。人权发展道路既不能定于一尊，也不能生搬硬套；既不能强求东方化，也不能强推西方化，而要倡导多样化、本土化，促进人权发展模式“再平衡”。不同的道路和制度没有高下之分，只有特色之别，应兼收并蓄、和而不同，“各美其美，美美与共”。
There is no one-size-fits-all approach in human rights practices. No one path of human rights development should be regarded as the only choice, nor should we mechanically follow the paths of other countries. Instead of imposing either eastern or western models, we need to advocate diversity and localization, and work for a rebalancing of human rights models. No one path or system is superior to others as each has its own distinctive features. It is important to draw on the strengths of others and seek harmony without uniformity. All countries should respect others’ human rights paths and systems while pursuing their own, and advance human rights development for all.
坚持以公平促进人权。全球人权治理体系存在权利不公、机会不公和规则不公。发展中国家是直接的受害者，也应成为积极的变革者。
We need to promote human rights through equality. Given the unequal rights, unequal opportunities and unfair rules in the global human rights governance system, developing countries, as the immediate victims of such inequality and unfairness, should be strong advocates for change and reform.
我们要推动提高全球人权治理体系中发展中国家的代表性和发言权。要推动国际人权机制在规则制定、成员组成、职员分布等方面，切实反映发展中成员占联合国会员国五分之四、人口占全球80%的需求和利益。
We need to work to increase the representation and voice of developing countries in global human rights governance system, and to ensure that the international human rights institutions truly reflect the needs and interests of developing countries in terms of rule-making, membership and staff structure, as developing countries account for four-filths of the UN member states and 80% of the world’s population.
我们要推动国际人权合作照顾发展中国家关切。 要加大对发展权和经社文权利的重视，增加在发展、卫生、体育、妇女、儿童、残疾人等领域的投入，实现两类人权平衡发展。要形成更为公正合理的人权治理格局，让发展中国家成为国际人权合作与治理的受益者。
We need to work for accommodation of the concerns of developing countries in international human rights cooperation. There should be greater attention to the right to development as well as economic, social and cultural rights and increased input in such areas as development, health, sports, women, children, and people with disabilities to promote balanced progress of the two categories of human rights. Efforts should also be made to advance just and equitable human rights governance to enable developing countries to benefit from international human rights cooperation and governance.
女士们、先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
人权保障是构建人类命运共同体的重要内涵。让我们共同努力，齐心推动全球人权事业健康发展，为人类繁荣与尊严做出更大贡献。
The protection of human rights is an important part of our efforts to build a community with a shared future for mankind. Let us jointly advance the sound development of the global human rights cause and make greater contribution to the prosperity and dignity of mankind.
预祝本次论坛圆满成功！
In conclusion, I wish this forum a full success.