双语:Economics Nobel Highlights Climate Action Necessity
发布时间:2018年12月13日
发布人:nanyuzi  

Economics Nobel Highlights Climate Action Necessity

诺贝尔经济学奖聚焦:必须行动起来应对气候问题

 

William Nordhaus shared the 2018 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, “for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis,” with Paul Romer, “for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis.”

 

2018年的诺贝尔经济学奖由威廉·诺德豪斯和保罗·罗默共同获得,他们获奖原因分别是将“气候变化纳入长期宏观经济分析将技术创新纳入长期宏观经济分析

 

“The first thing is that people have to come to grips with the difficulties we face. I think the scientists have and many of the people have, but the governments have to.”

 

“首先,我认为人们应着手去面对我们的问题,科学家们已经着手行动了,部分人也展开了行动,但政府尚行动迟缓。威廉·诺德豪斯说到。

 

Yale University’s William Nordhaus, who on October 8th shared the 2018 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, “for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis.” He spoke by phone to a representative of the Nobel Prizes.

 

10月8日,耶鲁大学的威廉·诺德豪斯成为2018年诺贝尔经济学奖的两位获奖者之一,诺贝尔奖颁奖代表通过电话向他致以祝贺并表明获奖原因将气候变化纳入长期宏观经济分析。

 

“And then the second thing that’s most important is that we take some kind of economic steps – I have advocated for many years a carbon tax as a way of implementing policies. And then the third thing is we’ll have to have a significant technological transformation. Of course, those first two would help the third. But those three have to go together. You can’t do it without public support. But you can’t do it without some kind of economic signals, in the form of a carbon tax. And then all of those will help induce the technological changes that are necessary to make a transition to a low-carbon world.”

 

“其次,最重要的是我们要采取特定的经济政策——多年来,我一直主张将碳税作为一项政策。再次,我们必须推进重大科技转型。当然前两者有助于第三个的实现,但三者必须齐头并进。没有人民大众的支持,这三者都无法实现。同时如果没有经济相关政策的配合,它们也是纸上谈兵。而所有上述的三个因素都能引发向低碳世界过渡所必需的技术变革。

 

They also found that calves with larger spots were more likely to survive their first months on the savannah, perhaps because the spots better mimic the dappled sunlight in the bushes where calves like to hide from hungry lions and hyenas. The results – and a lot of giraffe patterns – are in the journal PeerJ.

 

他们同时也发现,身上花纹较大的幼鹿在其刚出生不久时更容易在大草原地带存活,这或许是因为这些大花纹与太阳照进灌木丛落下的斑驳影子相似,而幼鹿则喜欢藏身其中以躲避饥肠辘辘的狮子和野狗。这项发现和大量长颈鹿图片在《生命与环境科学》杂志中皆可查阅。

 

Nordhaus shared the prize with Paul Romer of New York University, for his work “integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis.”

 

威廉·诺德豪斯和保罗·罗默共同获得本次诺贝尔经济学奖,保罗·罗默在纽约大学从事研究,因将技术创新融入长期的宏观经济分析而获奖。

 

Nordhaus continued: “The most recent work I’ve done is studying actual trends in abatement and in policies, suggests we’re doing much less than what needs to be to reach any of the targets, whether it’s a 1.5-degree or 2-degree or even a 3-degree target. I think the policies are lagging very very far, miles, miles, miles behind the science and what needs to be done… but it’s not too late. But the steps we have to take are more difficult now than if we’d started earlier.”

 

诺德豪斯继续说:我最新的研究内容是减排和政策的实际趋势,研究表明,无论是将温度降至比工业革命前高1.5度、还是2度甚至3度,我们所做的工作远远少于达到任何上述预期目标所需要的量。我认为相比于科学领域的发展,政策领域落后了很远很远,而且离要达成的目标也有漫漫长路要走,但也并没有为时已晚。只是,如果早点开始,我们需要做的步骤则简单得多。


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