Projection
发布时间:2018年08月28日
发布人:nanyuzi  

Projection

投射

 

A term used in generative linguistics to characterize the capability of a grammar to extend the analysis of any given set of sentences so that it applies also to the potentially infinite number of sentences in the language as a whole. The main means of doing this is the generative rule. In some models of generative grammar, a more restricted sense is found: projection rules are established as part of the semantic component, their function being to assign a semantic interpretation to each string of formatives generated by the syntactic component. A central principle of government-binding theory is the projection principle, which projects the properties of lexical entries on to the structure of the sentence. It states that the sub-categorization requirements of lexical items must be satisfied at all levels of representation. It eliminates the need for rules combining lexical items with their complements, and requires a trace to be left when a complement is removed.

 

生成语言学术语,指一部语法对任何一组给定句子的分析经扩展后也适用于整个语言无穷多潜在句子的能力,主要借助生成规则。某些生成语法模型中,“投射”的含义较窄:投射规则是语义部分的组成部分,其功能是对句法部分生成的每个构形成分语符列做出语义解释。管辖与约束理论的一条中心原则是投射原则,它将各词条的特性投射到句子的结构,并且规定词项的次语类化要求必须在表征的各个层面上都得到满足。有了这条原则就不再需要有将词项与其补语组合起来的规则,要求在补语被移走后留下一个语迹。